A wide QRS/T angle in bundle branch blocks is associated with increased risk for coronary heart disease and all-cause mortality in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study

Abstract Background Repolarization abnormality in bundle branch blocks (BBB) is traditionally ignored. This study evaluated the prognostic value of QRS/T angle for mortality in the presence and absence of BBB. Methods and results Total 15,408 participants (mean age 54 years, 55.2% women, 26.9% blacks, 2.8% with BBB) were from the Arteriosclerosis Risk in Communities Study. Sex stratified Cox regression models were used to compute hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for coronary heart disease (CHD) and all-cause mortality for wide spatial QRS/T angle with and without BBB including right BBB (RBBB), left BBB (LBBB) and indetermined-type ventricular conduction defect (IVCD) and RBBB combined with left anterior fascicular block. During a median 22-year follow-up, 4767 deaths occurred, 728 of them CHD deaths. Using the No-BBB with QRS/T angle below median value as gender-specific reference groups, the mortality risk increase was significant for both women and men with No-BBB and QRS/T angle above the median value. In the pooled ICVD/LBBB group, the risk for CHD death was increased 15.9-fold in women and 6.04 fold in men, and for all-cause deaths 3.01-fold in women and 1.84-fold in men. However, the mortality risk in isolated RBBB group was only significantly increased in women but not in men. Conclusion A wide spatial QRS/T angle in BBB is associated with increased risk for CHD and all-cause mortality over and above the predictive value for BBB alone. The risk for women is as high as or higher than that in men.