TY - JOUR
T1 - Ab initio electronic structure study of one-electron reduction of polychlorinated ethylenes
AU - Bylaska, Eric J.
AU - Dupuis, Michel
AU - Tratnyek, Paul G.
N1 - Copyright:
Copyright 2011 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
PY - 2005/7/7
Y1 - 2005/7/7
N2 - Polychlorethylene radicals, anions, and radical anions are potential intermediates in the reduction of polychlorinated ethylenes (C 2C1 4, C 2HCl 3) trans-C 2H 2Cl 2, cis-C 2H 2Cl 2, 1,1-C 2H 2Cl 2, C 2H 3Cl). Ab initio electronic structure methods were used to calculate the thermochemical properties, ΔH f°(298.15 K), S°(298.15 K,1 bar), and ΔG S(298.15 K, l bar) of 37 different polychloroethylenyl radicals, anions, and radical anion complexes, C 2H yCl 3-y C 2H yCl 3-y, -, and C 2H yCl 4-y for y = 0-3, for the purpose of characterizing reduction mechanisms of polychlorinated ethylenes. In this study, 8 radicals, 7 anions, and 22 radical anions were found to have stable structures, i.e., minima on the potential energy surfaces. This multitude of isomers for C 2H y,Cl 4-y radical anion complexes are π*, σ*, and -H⋯CI -structures. Several stable π* radical anionic structures were obtained for the first time through the use of restricted open-shell theories. On the basis of the calculated thermochemical estimates, the overall reaction energetics (in the gas phase and aqueous phase) for several mechanisms of the first electron reduction of the polychlorinated ethylenes were determined. In almost all of the gas-phase reactions, the thermodynamically most favorable pathways involve -H⋯Cl - complexes of the C 2H yCl 4-y • radical anion, in which a chloride ion is loosely bound to a hydrogen of a C 2H xCl 2-x • radical. The exception is for C 2Cl 4, in which the most favorable anionic structure is a loose σ* radical anion complex, with a nearly iso-energetic π* radical anion. Solvation significantly changes the product energetics with the thermodynamically most favorable pathway leading to C 2H yCl 3-y • + Cl -. The results suggest that a higher degree of chlorination favors reduction, and that reduction pathways involving the C 2H yCl 3-y - anions are high energy pathways.
AB - Polychlorethylene radicals, anions, and radical anions are potential intermediates in the reduction of polychlorinated ethylenes (C 2C1 4, C 2HCl 3) trans-C 2H 2Cl 2, cis-C 2H 2Cl 2, 1,1-C 2H 2Cl 2, C 2H 3Cl). Ab initio electronic structure methods were used to calculate the thermochemical properties, ΔH f°(298.15 K), S°(298.15 K,1 bar), and ΔG S(298.15 K, l bar) of 37 different polychloroethylenyl radicals, anions, and radical anion complexes, C 2H yCl 3-y C 2H yCl 3-y, -, and C 2H yCl 4-y for y = 0-3, for the purpose of characterizing reduction mechanisms of polychlorinated ethylenes. In this study, 8 radicals, 7 anions, and 22 radical anions were found to have stable structures, i.e., minima on the potential energy surfaces. This multitude of isomers for C 2H y,Cl 4-y radical anion complexes are π*, σ*, and -H⋯CI -structures. Several stable π* radical anionic structures were obtained for the first time through the use of restricted open-shell theories. On the basis of the calculated thermochemical estimates, the overall reaction energetics (in the gas phase and aqueous phase) for several mechanisms of the first electron reduction of the polychlorinated ethylenes were determined. In almost all of the gas-phase reactions, the thermodynamically most favorable pathways involve -H⋯Cl - complexes of the C 2H yCl 4-y • radical anion, in which a chloride ion is loosely bound to a hydrogen of a C 2H xCl 2-x • radical. The exception is for C 2Cl 4, in which the most favorable anionic structure is a loose σ* radical anion complex, with a nearly iso-energetic π* radical anion. Solvation significantly changes the product energetics with the thermodynamically most favorable pathway leading to C 2H yCl 3-y • + Cl -. The results suggest that a higher degree of chlorination favors reduction, and that reduction pathways involving the C 2H yCl 3-y - anions are high energy pathways.
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U2 - 10.1021/jp0407526
DO - 10.1021/jp0407526
M3 - Article
C2 - 16833925
AN - SCOPUS:22344446593
SN - 1089-5639
VL - 109
SP - 5905
EP - 5916
JO - Journal of Physical Chemistry A
JF - Journal of Physical Chemistry A
IS - 26
ER -