TY - JOUR
T1 - Assessment of the effects of age, gender, and exercise training on the cardiac sympathetic nervous system using positron emission tomography imaging
AU - Bernacki, Gwen M.
AU - Bahrainy, Samira
AU - Caldwell, James H.
AU - Levy, Wayne C.
AU - Link, Jeanne M.
AU - Stratton, John R.
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2016 The Author.
PY - 2016/9/1
Y1 - 2016/9/1
N2 - Background: Using positron emission tomography (PET) imaging, we sought to determine whether normal age or exercise training cause changes in the cardiac sympathetic nervous system function in male or female healthy volunteers. Methods: Healthy sedentary participants underwent PET studies before and after 6 months of supervised exercise training. Presynaptic uptake by the norepinephrine transporter-1 function was measured using PET imaging of [11C]-meta-hydroxyephedrine, a norepinephrine analog, and expressed as a permeability-surface area product (PSnt in mL/min/mL). Postsynaptic function was measured as β-adrenergic receptor density (β′max in pmol/mL tissue) by imaging the β-receptor antagonist [11C]-CGP12177. Myocardial blood flow (MBF in mL/min/mL tissue) was measured by imaging [15O]-water. Results: At baseline, there was no age difference in β′max or MBF but PSnt declined with age (1.12 ± 0.11 young vs 0.87 ± 0.06 old, p =.036). Before training, women had significantly greater MBF (0.87 ± 0.03 vs 0.69 ± 0.03, p <.0001) and PSnt (1.14 ± 0.08 vs 0.75 ± 0.07, p <.001) than men. Training increased VO2 max by 13% (p <.0001), but there were no training effects on β′max, PSnt, or MBF. Greater MBF in females and a trend to increased PSnt post-training persisted. Conclusion: With age, presynaptic uptake as measured by PSnt declines, but there were no differences in β′max. Endurance training significantly increased VO2 max but did not cause any changes in the measures of cardiac sympathetic nervous system function. These findings suggest that significant changes do not occur or that current PET imaging methods may be inadequate to measure small serial differences in a highly reproducible manner.
AB - Background: Using positron emission tomography (PET) imaging, we sought to determine whether normal age or exercise training cause changes in the cardiac sympathetic nervous system function in male or female healthy volunteers. Methods: Healthy sedentary participants underwent PET studies before and after 6 months of supervised exercise training. Presynaptic uptake by the norepinephrine transporter-1 function was measured using PET imaging of [11C]-meta-hydroxyephedrine, a norepinephrine analog, and expressed as a permeability-surface area product (PSnt in mL/min/mL). Postsynaptic function was measured as β-adrenergic receptor density (β′max in pmol/mL tissue) by imaging the β-receptor antagonist [11C]-CGP12177. Myocardial blood flow (MBF in mL/min/mL tissue) was measured by imaging [15O]-water. Results: At baseline, there was no age difference in β′max or MBF but PSnt declined with age (1.12 ± 0.11 young vs 0.87 ± 0.06 old, p =.036). Before training, women had significantly greater MBF (0.87 ± 0.03 vs 0.69 ± 0.03, p <.0001) and PSnt (1.14 ± 0.08 vs 0.75 ± 0.07, p <.001) than men. Training increased VO2 max by 13% (p <.0001), but there were no training effects on β′max, PSnt, or MBF. Greater MBF in females and a trend to increased PSnt post-training persisted. Conclusion: With age, presynaptic uptake as measured by PSnt declines, but there were no differences in β′max. Endurance training significantly increased VO2 max but did not cause any changes in the measures of cardiac sympathetic nervous system function. These findings suggest that significant changes do not occur or that current PET imaging methods may be inadequate to measure small serial differences in a highly reproducible manner.
KW - Age
KW - Exercise
KW - Sympathetic nervous system
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U2 - 10.1093/gerona/glw020
DO - 10.1093/gerona/glw020
M3 - Article
C2 - 26957471
AN - SCOPUS:84989213503
SN - 1079-5006
VL - 71
SP - 1195
EP - 1201
JO - Journals of Gerontology - Series A Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences
JF - Journals of Gerontology - Series A Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences
IS - 9
ER -