Association of the omega-3 index with incident prostate cancer with updated meta-analysis: The cooper center longitudinal study

Stephen W. Farrell, Laura F. DeFina, Nathan L. Tintle, David Leonard, Kenneth H. Cooper, Carolyn E. Barlow, William L. Haskell, Andjelka Pavlovic, William S. Harris

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

6 Scopus citations

Abstract

Background: The association between long-chain omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n- 3 PUFA) and prostate cancer (PC) remains unclear. Methods: We compared incident PC rates as a function of the Omega-3 Index [O3I, erythrocyte eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acids (EPA + DHA)] in 5607 men (40-80 years of age) seen at the Cooper Clinic who were free of PC at baseline. The average follow-up was 5.1 ± 2.8 years until censoring or reporting a new PC diagnosis. Proportional hazards regression was used to model the linear association between baseline O3I and the age-adjusted time to diagnosis. A meta-analysis of n-3 PUFA biomarker-based studies and incident PC was updated with the present findings. Results: A total of 116 cases of incident PC were identified. When O3I was examined as a continuous variable, the age-adjusted hazard ratio (HR) (95% CI) was 0.98 (0.89,1.07; p = 0.25) for each 1% increment in the O3I. The updated meta-analysis with 10 biomarker-based studies found no significant relationship between EPA or DHA levels and risk for PC. Conclusions: We find no evidence in this study nor in a meta-analysis of similar studies that consuming n-3 PUFA-rich fish or using fish oil supplements affects the risk of PC.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Article number384
Pages (from-to)1-8
Number of pages8
JournalNutrients
Volume13
Issue number2
DOIs
StatePublished - Feb 2021
Externally publishedYes

Keywords

  • Biomarker
  • Docosahexaenoic acid
  • Eicosapentaenoic acid
  • Epidemiology
  • Omega-3 fatty acids
  • Prospective cohort
  • Prostate cancer

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • Food Science
  • Nutrition and Dietetics

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