Abstract
Background: The association between long-chain omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n- 3 PUFA) and prostate cancer (PC) remains unclear. Methods: We compared incident PC rates as a function of the Omega-3 Index [O3I, erythrocyte eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acids (EPA + DHA)] in 5607 men (40-80 years of age) seen at the Cooper Clinic who were free of PC at baseline. The average follow-up was 5.1 ± 2.8 years until censoring or reporting a new PC diagnosis. Proportional hazards regression was used to model the linear association between baseline O3I and the age-adjusted time to diagnosis. A meta-analysis of n-3 PUFA biomarker-based studies and incident PC was updated with the present findings. Results: A total of 116 cases of incident PC were identified. When O3I was examined as a continuous variable, the age-adjusted hazard ratio (HR) (95% CI) was 0.98 (0.89,1.07; p = 0.25) for each 1% increment in the O3I. The updated meta-analysis with 10 biomarker-based studies found no significant relationship between EPA or DHA levels and risk for PC. Conclusions: We find no evidence in this study nor in a meta-analysis of similar studies that consuming n-3 PUFA-rich fish or using fish oil supplements affects the risk of PC.
Original language | English (US) |
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Article number | 384 |
Pages (from-to) | 1-8 |
Number of pages | 8 |
Journal | Nutrients |
Volume | 13 |
Issue number | 2 |
DOIs | |
State | Published - Feb 2021 |
Externally published | Yes |
Keywords
- Biomarker
- Docosahexaenoic acid
- Eicosapentaenoic acid
- Epidemiology
- Omega-3 fatty acids
- Prospective cohort
- Prostate cancer
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Food Science
- Nutrition and Dietetics