Characterization of brainstem peptide YY (PYY) neurons

Maria M. Glavas, Bernadette E. Grayson, Summer E. Allen, Daniel R. Copp, M. Susan Smith, Michael A. Cowley, Kevin L. Grove

    Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

    45 Scopus citations

    Abstract

    Peptide YY (PYY), a member of the NPY superfamily of peptides, is predominantly synthesized by the colon and is thought to act on both the gut and brain to modulate energy homeostasis. Although neurons expressing PYY mRNA have also been reported in the brainstem, little is known about their physiological role and study of their projections has been problematic due to crossreactivity of PYY antibodies with NPY. In the present study we examined the localization of central PYY cell bodies in the mouse, rat, and monkey. In addition, efferent projections and afferent inputs of central PYY neurons were examined in rodents. Central PYY projections were examined by immunohistochemistry in the NPY knockout mouse, or with an NPY-preabsorbed PYY antibody in the rat to avoid any crossreactivity with NPY. In all species investigated PYY-immunoreactive (ir) cell bodies were localized exclusively to the gigantocellular reticular nucleus (Gi) of the rostral medulla. The highest density of PYY fibers was present within the solitary tract nucleus, specifically within the dorsal and lateral aspects. PYY fibers were also concentrated within the dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus and the hypoglossal nucleus. In addition, both orexin and melanin-concentrating hormone fibers made numerous close appositions with PYY cell bodies in the Gi. Collectively, the projection pattern and association with orexigenic neuropeptides suggest that brainstem PYY neurons may play a role in energy homeostasis through a coordinated effect on visceral, motor, and sympathetic output targets.

    Original languageEnglish (US)
    Pages (from-to)194-210
    Number of pages17
    JournalJournal of Comparative Neurology
    Volume506
    Issue number2
    DOIs
    StatePublished - Jan 10 2008

    Keywords

    • Energy expenditure
    • Food intake
    • Gigantocellular reticular nucleus
    • Melanin concentrating hormone
    • Neuropeptide Y
    • Obesity
    • Orexin

    ASJC Scopus subject areas

    • General Neuroscience

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