TY - JOUR
T1 - Developing the Open Psychedelic Evaluation Nexus consensus measures for assessment of supervised psilocybin services
T2 - An e-Delphi study
AU - Korthuis, Philip Todd
AU - Hoffman, Kim
AU - Wilson-Poe, Adrianne R.
AU - Luoma, Jason B.
AU - Bazinet, Alissa
AU - Pertl, Kellie
AU - Morgan, David L.
AU - Cook, Ryan R.
AU - Bielavitz, Sarann
AU - Myers, Renae
AU - Wolf, Robert Cameron
AU - McCarty, Dennis
AU - Stauffer, Christopher S.
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© The Author(s) 2024.
PY - 2024/8
Y1 - 2024/8
N2 - Background: Voter initiatives in Oregon and Colorado authorize legal frameworks for supervised psilocybin services, but no measures monitor safety or outcomes. Aims: To develop core measures of best practices. Methods: A three-phase e-Delphi process recruited 36 experts with 5 or more years’ experience facilitating psilocybin experiences in various contexts (e.g., ceremonial settings, indigenous practices, clinical trials), or other pertinent psilocybin expertise. Phase I, an on-line survey with qualitative, open-ended text responses, generated potential measures to assess processes, outcomes, and structure reflecting high quality psilocybin services. In Phase II, experts used seven-point Likert scales to rate the importance and feasibility of the Phase I measures. Measures were priority ranked. Qualitative interviews and analysis in Phase III refined top-rated measures. Results: Experts (n = 36; 53% female; 71% white; 56% heterosexual) reported currently providing psilocybin services (64%) for a mean of 15.2 [SD 13.1] years, experience with indigenous psychedelic practices (67%), and/or conducting clinical trials (36%). Thematic analysis of Phase I responses yielded 55 candidate process measures (e.g., preparatory hours with client, total dose of psilocybin administered, documentation of touch/sexual boundaries), outcome measures (e.g., adverse events, well-being, anxiety/depression symptoms), and structure measures (e.g., facilitator training in trauma informed care, referral capacity for medical/psychiatric issues). In Phase II and III, experts prioritized a core set of 11 process, 11 outcome, and 17 structure measures that balanced importance and feasibility. Conclusion: Service providers and policy makers should consider standardizing core measures developed in this study to monitor the safety, quality, and outcomes of community-based psilocybin services.
AB - Background: Voter initiatives in Oregon and Colorado authorize legal frameworks for supervised psilocybin services, but no measures monitor safety or outcomes. Aims: To develop core measures of best practices. Methods: A three-phase e-Delphi process recruited 36 experts with 5 or more years’ experience facilitating psilocybin experiences in various contexts (e.g., ceremonial settings, indigenous practices, clinical trials), or other pertinent psilocybin expertise. Phase I, an on-line survey with qualitative, open-ended text responses, generated potential measures to assess processes, outcomes, and structure reflecting high quality psilocybin services. In Phase II, experts used seven-point Likert scales to rate the importance and feasibility of the Phase I measures. Measures were priority ranked. Qualitative interviews and analysis in Phase III refined top-rated measures. Results: Experts (n = 36; 53% female; 71% white; 56% heterosexual) reported currently providing psilocybin services (64%) for a mean of 15.2 [SD 13.1] years, experience with indigenous psychedelic practices (67%), and/or conducting clinical trials (36%). Thematic analysis of Phase I responses yielded 55 candidate process measures (e.g., preparatory hours with client, total dose of psilocybin administered, documentation of touch/sexual boundaries), outcome measures (e.g., adverse events, well-being, anxiety/depression symptoms), and structure measures (e.g., facilitator training in trauma informed care, referral capacity for medical/psychiatric issues). In Phase II and III, experts prioritized a core set of 11 process, 11 outcome, and 17 structure measures that balanced importance and feasibility. Conclusion: Service providers and policy makers should consider standardizing core measures developed in this study to monitor the safety, quality, and outcomes of community-based psilocybin services.
KW - Delphi study
KW - Psilocybin
KW - consensus measures
KW - psychedelic
KW - quality of care
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85196415094&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=85196415094&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1177/02698811241257839
DO - 10.1177/02698811241257839
M3 - Article
C2 - 38888164
AN - SCOPUS:85196415094
SN - 0269-8811
VL - 38
SP - 761
EP - 768
JO - Journal of Psychopharmacology
JF - Journal of Psychopharmacology
IS - 8
ER -