@article{20af76a9de2d441788a96b43cd8c36bb,
title = "Differentiation of primate primordial germ cell-like cells following transplantation into the adult gonadal niche",
abstract = "A major challenge in stem cell differentiation is the availability of bioassays to prove cell types generated in vitro are equivalent to cells in vivo. In the mouse, differentiation of primordial germ cell-like cells (PGCLCs) from pluripotent cells was validated by transplantation, leading to the generation of spermatogenesis and to the birth of offspring. Here we report the use of xenotransplantation (monkey to mouse) and homologous transplantation (monkey to monkey) to validate our in vitro protocol for differentiating male rhesus (r) macaque PGCLCs (rPGCLCs) from induced pluripotent stem cells (riPSCs). Specifically, transplantation of aggregates containing rPGCLCs into mouse and nonhuman primate testicles overcomes a major bottleneck in rPGCLC differentiation. These findings suggest that immature rPGCLCs once transplanted into an adult gonadal niche commit to differentiate towards late rPGCs that initiate epigenetic reprogramming but do not complete the conversion into ENO2-positive spermatogonia.",
author = "Enrique Sosa and Di Chen and Rojas, {Ernesto J.} and Hennebold, {Jon D.} and Peters, {Karen A.} and Zhuang Wu and Lam, {Truong N.} and Mitchell, {Jennifer M.} and Meena Sukhwani and Tailor, {Ramesh C.} and Meistrich, {Marvin L.} and Orwig, {Kyle E.} and Gunapala Shetty and Clark, {Amander T.}",
note = "Funding Information: This project was funded by support from P01HD075795 (K.E.O., A.T.C., G.S., M.L.M.). Rhesus CS12 embryo collections were supported by the grant P51 OD011092 (J.D.H. and A.T.C.). E.S. acknowledges the support of the Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research at UCLA Training Program for Post-doctoral Fellows. We would also like to acknowledge the BSCRC FACS Core and the BSCRC Imagining Core. We would also like to acknowledge Thein T. Phan for help with the xenotransplantation experiments. E.J.R. was supported by the National Institute of General Medical Sciences of the National Institutes of Health under award number R25GM055052 awarded to T. Hasson. Human fetal tissue research is supported by a grant to Ian Glass at the University of Washington Birth Defects laboratory 5R24HD000836-53. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2018, The Author(s).",
year = "2018",
month = dec,
day = "1",
doi = "10.1038/s41467-018-07740-7",
language = "English (US)",
volume = "9",
journal = "Nature communications",
issn = "2041-1723",
publisher = "Nature Publishing Group",
number = "1",
}