Abstract
Exposure to ethanol during pregnancy is detrimental to brain development. Individuals affected by the Fetal Alcohol Syndrome present a number of central nervous system dysfunctions including microencephaly and mental retardation. Studies on the mechanisms of ethanol's developmental neurotoxicity have focused on its interaction with neurons; however, emerging evidence is suggesting that ethanol can significantly affect glial cells as well. A number of in vitro studies have shown that ethanol can inhibit the proliferation of various glial cells (mostly primary astrocytes or astrocytoma cells) at relatively high concentrations (100-200 mM). On the other hand, proliferation induced by some, but not all mitogens, is inhabited by low concentrations (10-50 mM) of ethanol. These inhibitory effects of ethanol may contribute to its developmental neurotoxicity observed following in vivo exposure. Animal models have indeed shown that ethanol causes microencephaly when given during the brain growth spurt, a period of brain development characterized by astroglial proliferation and maturation.
Original language | English (US) |
---|---|
Pages (from-to) | 433-443 |
Number of pages | 11 |
Journal | Fetal and Pediatric Pathology |
Volume | 18 |
Issue number | 4-5 |
DOIs | |
State | Published - 1998 |
Externally published | Yes |
Keywords
- Fetal Alcohol Syndrome
- astrocytes
- ethanol
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Pediatrics, Perinatology, and Child Health
- Pathology and Forensic Medicine