HMGB1 expression and release by bone cells

Kanokwan Charoonpatrapong, Rita Shah, Alexander G. Robling, Marta Alvarez, D. Wade Clapp, Shi Chen, Ryan P. Kopp, Fredrick M. Pavalko, Jun Yu, Joseph P. Bidwell

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

66 Scopus citations

Abstract

Immune and bone cells are functionally coupled by pro-inflammatory cytokine intercellular signaling networks common to both tissues and their crosstalk may contribute to the etiologies of some immune-associated bone pathologies. For example, the receptor activator of NF-κB ligand (RANKL)/osteoprotegerin (OPG/receptor activator of NF-κB (RANK) signaling axis plays a critical role in dendritic cell (DC) function as well as bone remodeling. The expression of RANKL by immune cells may contribute to bone loss in periodontitis, arthritis, and multiple myeloma. A recent discovery reveals that DCs release the chromatin protein high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) as a potent immunomodulatory cytokine mediating the interaction between DCs and T-cells, via HMGB1 binding to the membrane receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE). To determine whether osteoblasts or osteoclasts express and/or release HMGB1 into the bone microenvironment, we analyzed tissue, cells, and culture media for the presence of this molecule. Our immunohistochemical and immunocytochemical analyses demonstrate HMGB1 expression in primary osteoblasts and osteoclasts and that both cells express RAGE. HMGB1 is recoverable in the media of primary osteoblast cultures and cultures of isolated osteoclast precursors and osteoclasts. Parathyroid hormone (PTH), a regulator of bone remodeling, attenuates HMGB1 release in cultures of primary osteoblasts and MC3T3-E1 osteoblast-like cells but augments this release in the rat osteosarcoma cell line UMR 106-01, both responses primarily via activation of adenylyl cyclase. PTH-induced HMGB1 discharge by UMR cells exhibits similar release kinetics as reported for activated macrophages. These data confirm the presence of the HMGB1/RAGE signaling axis in bone.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Pages (from-to)480-490
Number of pages11
JournalJournal of Cellular Physiology
Volume207
Issue number2
DOIs
StatePublished - May 2006
Externally publishedYes

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • Physiology
  • Clinical Biochemistry
  • Cell Biology

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