TY - JOUR
T1 - Interrelationships of undernutrition and neurotoxicity
T2 - Food for thought and research attention
AU - Spencer, Peter S.
AU - Palmer, Valerie S.
N1 - Funding Information:
Supported by a Framework Grant in Global Health from the National Institutes of Health Fogarty International Center . This review supported the development of NIH grant R01-NS-079276. The authors thank Dr. Diane Stadler and Dr. Gustavo Román.
PY - 2012/6
Y1 - 2012/6
N2 - The neurotoxic actions of chemical agents on humans and animals are usually studied with little consideration of the subject's nutritional status. States of protein-calorie, vitamin and/or mineral undernutrition are associated with a range of neurodevelopmental, neurological and psychiatric disorders, commonly with involvement of both the central and the peripheral nervous system. Undernutrition can modify risk for certain chemical-induced neurologic diseases, and in some cases undernutrition may be a prerequisite for neurotoxicity to surface. In addition, neurologic disease associated with undernutrition or neurotoxicity may show similarities in clinical and neuropathological expression, especially in the peripheral nervous system. The combined effects of undernutrition and chemical neurotoxicity are most relevant to people with low incomes who experience chronic hunger, parasitism and infectious disease, monotonous diets of plants with neurotoxic potential (notably cassava), environmental pollution from rapid industrial development, chronic alcohol abuse, or prolonged treatment with certain therapeutic drugs. Undernutrition alone or in combination with chemical exposure is also important in high-income societies in the setting of drug and alcohol abuse, old age, food faddism, post-bariatric surgery, and drug treatment for certain medical conditions, including cancer and tuberculosis. The nutritional demands of pregnancy and lactation increase the risk of fetal and infant undernutrition and chemical interactions therewith.
AB - The neurotoxic actions of chemical agents on humans and animals are usually studied with little consideration of the subject's nutritional status. States of protein-calorie, vitamin and/or mineral undernutrition are associated with a range of neurodevelopmental, neurological and psychiatric disorders, commonly with involvement of both the central and the peripheral nervous system. Undernutrition can modify risk for certain chemical-induced neurologic diseases, and in some cases undernutrition may be a prerequisite for neurotoxicity to surface. In addition, neurologic disease associated with undernutrition or neurotoxicity may show similarities in clinical and neuropathological expression, especially in the peripheral nervous system. The combined effects of undernutrition and chemical neurotoxicity are most relevant to people with low incomes who experience chronic hunger, parasitism and infectious disease, monotonous diets of plants with neurotoxic potential (notably cassava), environmental pollution from rapid industrial development, chronic alcohol abuse, or prolonged treatment with certain therapeutic drugs. Undernutrition alone or in combination with chemical exposure is also important in high-income societies in the setting of drug and alcohol abuse, old age, food faddism, post-bariatric surgery, and drug treatment for certain medical conditions, including cancer and tuberculosis. The nutritional demands of pregnancy and lactation increase the risk of fetal and infant undernutrition and chemical interactions therewith.
KW - Plant neurotoxicity
KW - Protein-energy malnutrition
KW - Vitamin and micronutrient deficiency
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84861184231&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=84861184231&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.neuro.2012.02.015
DO - 10.1016/j.neuro.2012.02.015
M3 - Review article
C2 - 22394483
AN - SCOPUS:84861184231
SN - 0161-813X
VL - 33
SP - 605
EP - 616
JO - NeuroToxicology
JF - NeuroToxicology
IS - 3
ER -