@article{3e73303f43c34fffad7db3b4568767bb,
title = "Neighborhood fast food restaurants and fast food consumption: A national study",
abstract = "Background: Recent studies suggest that neighborhood fast food restaurant availability is related to greater obesity, yet few studies have investigated whether neighborhood fast food restaurant availability promotes fast food consumption. Our aim was to estimate the effect of neighborhood fast food availability on frequency of fast food consumption in a national sample of young adults, a population at high risk for obesity. Methods. We used national data from U.S. young adults enrolled in wave III (2001-02; ages 18-28) of the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health (n = 13,150). Urbanicity-stratified multivariate negative binomial regression models were used to examine cross-sectional associations between neighborhood fast food availability and individual-level self-reported fast food consumption frequency, controlling for individual and neighborhood characteristics. Results: In adjusted analysis, fast food availability was not associated with weekly frequency of fast food consumption in non-urban or low- or high-density urban areas. Conclusions: Policies aiming to reduce neighborhood availability as a means to reduce fast food consumption among young adults may be unsuccessful. Consideration of fast food outlets near school or workplace locations, factors specific to more or less urban settings, and the role of individual lifestyle attitudes and preferences are needed in future research.",
keywords = "Diet, Environment, Environment Design, Epidemiology, Fast Foods, Geographic Information Systems, MeSH, Restaurants, United States, Young Adult",
author = "Richardson, {Andrea S.} and Janne Boone-Heinonen and Popkin, {Barry M.} and Penny Gordon-Larsen",
note = "Funding Information: The authors would like to thank Brian Frizzelle, Marc Peterson, Chris Mankoff, James D. Stewart, Phil Bardsley, and Diane Kaczor of the University of North Carolina, Carolina Population Center (CPC) and the CPC Spatial Analysis Unit for creation of the environmental variables. The authors also thank Ms. Frances Dancy for her helpful administrative assistance. There were no potential or real conflicts of financial or personal interest with the financial sponsors of the scientific project. This work was funded by National Institutes of Health grants R01HD057194 and R01 HD041375, R01 HD39183, a cooperative agreement with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC SIP No. 5-00), and the Interdisciplinary Obesity Training Program (T32MH075854-04). The authors received support from grant, 5 R24 HD050924, Carolina Population Center, awarded to the Carolina Population Center at The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill by the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development. This research uses data from Add Health, a program project directed by Kathleen Mullan Harris PhD and designed by J. Richard Udry PhD, Peter S. Bearman PhD, and Kathleen Mullan Harris PhD at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, and funded by grant P01-HD31921 from the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, with cooperative funding from 23 other federal agencies and foundations. Special acknowledgment is due Ronald R. Rindfuss PhD and Barbara Entwisle PhD both from the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill for assistance in the original design. Information on how to obtain the Add Health data files is available on the Add Health website http://www.cpc.unc.edu/addhealth). No direct support was received from grant P01-HD31921 for this analysis. None of the acknowledged individuals received compensation for their assistance.",
year = "2011",
doi = "10.1186/1471-2458-11-543",
language = "English (US)",
volume = "11",
journal = "BMC public health",
issn = "1471-2458",
publisher = "BioMed Central",
}