Neurotoxic properties of musk ambrette

Peter S. Spencer; Monica C. Bischoff-Fenton; Oscar M. Moreno; Donald L. Opdyke; Richard A. Ford

doi:10.1016/0041-008X(84)90194-7

Neurotoxic properties of musk ambrette

Peter S. Spencer
, Monica C. Bischoff-Fenton
, Oscar M. Moreno
, Donald L. Opdyke
, Richard A. Ford

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

43 Scopus citations

Abstract

Musk ambrette (2,6-dinitro-3-methoxy-4-tert-butyltoluene), a nitro-musk compound widely used as a fixative in fragrance formulations and found to a lesser degree in flavor compositions, produces hindlimb weakness when administered in the diet or applied to skin of rats for periods up to 12 weeks. Underlying neuropathologic changes consist of primary demyelination and distal axonal degeneration in selected regions of the central and peripheral nervous system. Murine neurological disease induced by musk ambrette occurs at doses well above estimated maximum daily human exposure. Lifetime experimental neurotoxicology studies using lower concentrations of musk ambrette for prolonged periods would be needed for the estimation of human risk.

Original language	English (US)
Pages (from-to)	571-575
Number of pages	5
Journal	Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology
Volume	75
Issue number	3
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/0041-008X(84)90194-7
State	Published - Sep 30 1984
Externally published	Yes

Funding

The authors thank Louise Tedesco and Richard Robertson for technical assistance. Supported in part by the Research Institute for Fragrance Materials, Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey, NIOSH Grant OH0085 I. and NINCDS Grant NS 1961 I.

Funders	Funder number
NINCDS	NS 1961 I.
Research Institute for Fragrance Materials, Inc.
National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke	P01NS019611
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health	OH0085

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Toxicology
Pharmacology

Access to Document

10.1016/0041-008X(84)90194-7

Cite this

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title = "Neurotoxic properties of musk ambrette",

abstract = "Musk ambrette (2,6-dinitro-3-methoxy-4-tert-butyltoluene), a nitro-musk compound widely used as a fixative in fragrance formulations and found to a lesser degree in flavor compositions, produces hindlimb weakness when administered in the diet or applied to skin of rats for periods up to 12 weeks. Underlying neuropathologic changes consist of primary demyelination and distal axonal degeneration in selected regions of the central and peripheral nervous system. Murine neurological disease induced by musk ambrette occurs at doses well above estimated maximum daily human exposure. Lifetime experimental neurotoxicology studies using lower concentrations of musk ambrette for prolonged periods would be needed for the estimation of human risk.",

author = "Spencer, \{Peter S.\} and Bischoff-Fenton, \{Monica C.\} and Moreno, \{Oscar M.\} and Opdyke, \{Donald L.\} and Ford, \{Richard A.\}",

note = "Funding Information: The authors thank Louise Tedesco and Richard Robertson for technical assistance. Supported in part by the Research Institute for Fragrance Materials, Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey, NIOSH Grant OH0085 I. and NINCDS Grant NS 1961 I.",

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doi = "10.1016/0041-008X(84)90194-7",

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AU - Spencer, Peter S.

AU - Bischoff-Fenton, Monica C.

AU - Moreno, Oscar M.

AU - Opdyke, Donald L.

AU - Ford, Richard A.

N1 - Funding Information: The authors thank Louise Tedesco and Richard Robertson for technical assistance. Supported in part by the Research Institute for Fragrance Materials, Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey, NIOSH Grant OH0085 I. and NINCDS Grant NS 1961 I.

PY - 1984/9/30

Y1 - 1984/9/30

N2 - Musk ambrette (2,6-dinitro-3-methoxy-4-tert-butyltoluene), a nitro-musk compound widely used as a fixative in fragrance formulations and found to a lesser degree in flavor compositions, produces hindlimb weakness when administered in the diet or applied to skin of rats for periods up to 12 weeks. Underlying neuropathologic changes consist of primary demyelination and distal axonal degeneration in selected regions of the central and peripheral nervous system. Murine neurological disease induced by musk ambrette occurs at doses well above estimated maximum daily human exposure. Lifetime experimental neurotoxicology studies using lower concentrations of musk ambrette for prolonged periods would be needed for the estimation of human risk.

AB - Musk ambrette (2,6-dinitro-3-methoxy-4-tert-butyltoluene), a nitro-musk compound widely used as a fixative in fragrance formulations and found to a lesser degree in flavor compositions, produces hindlimb weakness when administered in the diet or applied to skin of rats for periods up to 12 weeks. Underlying neuropathologic changes consist of primary demyelination and distal axonal degeneration in selected regions of the central and peripheral nervous system. Murine neurological disease induced by musk ambrette occurs at doses well above estimated maximum daily human exposure. Lifetime experimental neurotoxicology studies using lower concentrations of musk ambrette for prolonged periods would be needed for the estimation of human risk.

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Neurotoxic properties of musk ambrette

Abstract

Funding

ASJC Scopus subject areas

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