Progression of citation-based scholarly activity from postgraduate year one to postgraduate year two in a current resident class

Background: Recent work has demonstrated multiple measures of citation-based scholarly activity. Measures including Hirsch index (h-index), h-index limited to first author manuscripts (hf), h-index limited to first or second author only manuscripts (hs), and g-index have been associated with radiation oncology resident choice of academic versus private practice career. To date, there has been no evaluation of the progression of citation-based scholarly activity during residency. Methods: A list of United States radiation oncology residents from the graduating class of 2022 [postgraduate year two (PGY-2) academic year of 2018–2019] was obtained through internet investigation. Citation-based scholarly activity was collected and calculated from searches of the Scopus bibliometric citation database for h-index, hf, hs, and g-index for each resident as previously described. Calculations were derived in June 2018 for the postgraduate year one (PGY-1) year, and in June 2019 for the PGY-2 year. Fisher’s exact test was used for statistical analysis. Results: Analysis of 195 residents from the 2022 class revealed that the citation-based scholarly activity significantly increased from PGY-1 to PGY-2 for h-index (2.6 to 3.2; P=0.047) and g-index (4.0 to 5.1; P=0.045), but not for hf (1.0 to 1.3; P=0.170) or hs (1.5 to 1.9; P=0.065). Underrepresented minority race/ ethnicity (African-American/Hispanic) did not impact the significance of the h-index and g-index findings. Conclusions: From the PGY-1 to PGY-2 academic year, residents significantly increased in citation-based academic productivity, with an increase in the proportion of residents with a cited first-or-second author manuscript. Further study is necessary to determine how this trend persists in future years.