TY - JOUR
T1 - Seoul virus infection and spread in United States home-based ratteries
T2 - Rat and human testing results from a multistate outbreak investigation
AU - Multistate Seoul Virus Outbreak Investigation Team
AU - Knust, Barbara
AU - Brown, Shelley
AU - de St. Maurice, Annabelle
AU - Whitmer, Shannon
AU - Koske, Sarah E.
AU - Ervin, Elizabeth
AU - Patel, Ketan
AU - Graziano, James
AU - Morales-Betoulle, Maria E.
AU - House, Jennifer
AU - Cannon, Deborah
AU - Kerins, Janna
AU - Holzbauer, Stacy
AU - Austin, Connie
AU - Gibbons-Burgener, Suzanne
AU - Colton, Leah
AU - Dunn, John
AU - Zufan, Sara
AU - Choi, Mary Joung
AU - Davis, William R.
AU - Chiang, Cheng Feng
AU - Manning, Craig R.
AU - Roesch, Linda
AU - Shoemaker, Trevor
AU - Purpura, Lawrence
AU - McQuiston, Jennifer
AU - Peterson, Dallin
AU - Radcliffe, Rachel
AU - Garvey, Ann
AU - Christel, Ellen
AU - Morgan, Laura
AU - Scheftel, Joni
AU - Kazmierczak, James
AU - Klena, John D.
AU - Nichol, Stuart T.
AU - Rollin, Pierre E.
AU - Jones, Dee
AU - Weinstein, Susan
AU - Buck, Peter
AU - Behravesh, Casey Barton
AU - Genzer, Sarah
AU - Jackson, Eddie
AU - Harley Jenks, M.
AU - Langham, Gregory
AU - Lathrop, George
AU - Patel, Nishi
AU - Powell, Nathaniel
AU - Straily, Anne
AU - Ströher, Ute
AU - Castillo, Caroline
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2020 Oxford University Press. All rights reserved.
PY - 2020/10/15
Y1 - 2020/10/15
N2 - Background. During 2017, a multistate outbreak investigation occurred after the confirmation of Seoul virus (SEOV) infections in people and pet rats. A total of 147 humans and 897 rats were tested. Methods. In addition to immunoglobulin (Ig)G and IgM serology and traditional reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), novel quantitative RT-PCR primers/probe were developed, and whole genome sequencing was performed. Results. Seventeen people had SEOV IgM, indicating recent infection; 7 reported symptoms and 3 were hospitalized. All patients recovered. Thirty-one facilities in 11 US states had SEOV infection, and among those with ≥10 rats tested, rat IgG prevalence ranged 2%-70% and SEOV RT-PCR positivity ranged 0%-70%. Human laboratory-confirmed cases were significantly associated with rat IgG positivity and RT-PCR positivity (P =.03 and P =.006, respectively). Genomic sequencing identified >99.5% homology between SEOV sequences in this outbreak, and these were >99% identical to SEOV associated with previous pet rat infections in England, the Netherlands, and France. Frequent trade of rats between home-based ratteries contributed to transmission of SEOV between facilities. Conclusions. Pet rat owners, breeders, and the healthcare and public health community should be aware and take steps to prevent SEOV transmission in pet rats and to humans. Biosecurity measures and diagnostic testing can prevent further infections.
AB - Background. During 2017, a multistate outbreak investigation occurred after the confirmation of Seoul virus (SEOV) infections in people and pet rats. A total of 147 humans and 897 rats were tested. Methods. In addition to immunoglobulin (Ig)G and IgM serology and traditional reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), novel quantitative RT-PCR primers/probe were developed, and whole genome sequencing was performed. Results. Seventeen people had SEOV IgM, indicating recent infection; 7 reported symptoms and 3 were hospitalized. All patients recovered. Thirty-one facilities in 11 US states had SEOV infection, and among those with ≥10 rats tested, rat IgG prevalence ranged 2%-70% and SEOV RT-PCR positivity ranged 0%-70%. Human laboratory-confirmed cases were significantly associated with rat IgG positivity and RT-PCR positivity (P =.03 and P =.006, respectively). Genomic sequencing identified >99.5% homology between SEOV sequences in this outbreak, and these were >99% identical to SEOV associated with previous pet rat infections in England, the Netherlands, and France. Frequent trade of rats between home-based ratteries contributed to transmission of SEOV between facilities. Conclusions. Pet rat owners, breeders, and the healthcare and public health community should be aware and take steps to prevent SEOV transmission in pet rats and to humans. Biosecurity measures and diagnostic testing can prevent further infections.
KW - Hantavirus
KW - Seoul virus
KW - Zoonotic
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U2 - 10.1093/infdis/jiaa307
DO - 10.1093/infdis/jiaa307
M3 - Article
C2 - 32484879
AN - SCOPUS:85091126066
SN - 0022-1899
VL - 222
SP - 1311
EP - 1319
JO - Journal of Infectious Diseases
JF - Journal of Infectious Diseases
IS - 8
ER -