The first 30 minutes in the life of a virus: UnREST in the nucleus

Bernard Roizman; Haidong Gu; Gail Mandel

doi:10.4161/cc.4.8.1902

The first 30 minutes in the life of a virus: UnREST in the nucleus

Bernard Roizman
, Haidong Gu
, Gail Mandel

Research output: Contribution to journal › Short survey › peer-review

54 Scopus citations

Abstract

On entry of viral DNA into cells, a competition ensues between cellular factors that silence viral genes and transcriptional factors that block silencing and transcribe the DNA. In the case of herpes simplex virus 1, the first set of genes expressed after infection - are induced by a viral protein (αTIF or VP16). Expression of later (β,γ) genes in cells infected at low ratios of virus per cells requires a transcriptional activator (ICP4) that cannot block silencing and a protein, ICP0, hitherto characterized as a promiscuous transactivator. Recent studies indicate that ICP0 blocks silencing of viral DNA by dissociating HDACs 1 and 2 from the CoREST/REST repressor complex. HDACs 1/2 are phosphorylated and translocated to the nucleus. The findings have broad implications regarding silencing of the viral genome during latency and, potentially, the expression of genes encoded by other DNA viruses as well.

Original language	English (US)
Pages (from-to)	1019-1021
Number of pages	3
Journal	Cell Cycle
Volume	4
Issue number	8
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.4161/cc.4.8.1902
State	Published - Aug 2005
Externally published	Yes

Funding

These studies were aided by NIH grant NS22518 to G.M. and by National Cancer Institute Grants CA87661, CA83939, CA71933, CA78766, and CA88860 to B.R. G.M. is an Investigator of the Howard Hughes Medical Institute.

Funders	Funder number
Author National Institutes of Health National Institutes of Health National Institutes of Health National Institutes of Health The Bev Hartig Huntington's Disease Foundation National Institutes of Health	NS22518
Howard Hughes Medical Institute
National Institute of Health-National Cancer Institute	CA78766, R01CA088860, CA71933, CA83939, CA87661

Keywords

CoREST
HDACs
Herpes simplex virus 1
ICP0
Repressor complex

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Molecular Biology
Developmental Biology
Cell Biology

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10.4161/cc.4.8.1902

Cite this

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title = "The first 30 minutes in the life of a virus: UnREST in the nucleus",

abstract = "On entry of viral DNA into cells, a competition ensues between cellular factors that silence viral genes and transcriptional factors that block silencing and transcribe the DNA. In the case of herpes simplex virus 1, the first set of genes expressed after infection - are induced by a viral protein (αTIF or VP16). Expression of later (β,γ) genes in cells infected at low ratios of virus per cells requires a transcriptional activator (ICP4) that cannot block silencing and a protein, ICP0, hitherto characterized as a promiscuous transactivator. Recent studies indicate that ICP0 blocks silencing of viral DNA by dissociating HDACs 1 and 2 from the CoREST/REST repressor complex. HDACs 1/2 are phosphorylated and translocated to the nucleus. The findings have broad implications regarding silencing of the viral genome during latency and, potentially, the expression of genes encoded by other DNA viruses as well.",

keywords = "CoREST, HDACs, Herpes simplex virus 1, ICP0, Repressor complex",

author = "Bernard Roizman and Haidong Gu and Gail Mandel",

note = "Funding Information: These studies were aided by NIH grant NS22518 to G.M. and by National Cancer Institute Grants CA87661, CA83939, CA71933, CA78766, and CA88860 to B.R. G.M. is an Investigator of the Howard Hughes Medical Institute.",

year = "2005",

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doi = "10.4161/cc.4.8.1902",

language = "English (US)",

volume = "4",

pages = "1019--1021",

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T2 - UnREST in the nucleus

AU - Roizman, Bernard

AU - Gu, Haidong

AU - Mandel, Gail

N1 - Funding Information: These studies were aided by NIH grant NS22518 to G.M. and by National Cancer Institute Grants CA87661, CA83939, CA71933, CA78766, and CA88860 to B.R. G.M. is an Investigator of the Howard Hughes Medical Institute.

PY - 2005/8

Y1 - 2005/8

N2 - On entry of viral DNA into cells, a competition ensues between cellular factors that silence viral genes and transcriptional factors that block silencing and transcribe the DNA. In the case of herpes simplex virus 1, the first set of genes expressed after infection - are induced by a viral protein (αTIF or VP16). Expression of later (β,γ) genes in cells infected at low ratios of virus per cells requires a transcriptional activator (ICP4) that cannot block silencing and a protein, ICP0, hitherto characterized as a promiscuous transactivator. Recent studies indicate that ICP0 blocks silencing of viral DNA by dissociating HDACs 1 and 2 from the CoREST/REST repressor complex. HDACs 1/2 are phosphorylated and translocated to the nucleus. The findings have broad implications regarding silencing of the viral genome during latency and, potentially, the expression of genes encoded by other DNA viruses as well.

AB - On entry of viral DNA into cells, a competition ensues between cellular factors that silence viral genes and transcriptional factors that block silencing and transcribe the DNA. In the case of herpes simplex virus 1, the first set of genes expressed after infection - are induced by a viral protein (αTIF or VP16). Expression of later (β,γ) genes in cells infected at low ratios of virus per cells requires a transcriptional activator (ICP4) that cannot block silencing and a protein, ICP0, hitherto characterized as a promiscuous transactivator. Recent studies indicate that ICP0 blocks silencing of viral DNA by dissociating HDACs 1 and 2 from the CoREST/REST repressor complex. HDACs 1/2 are phosphorylated and translocated to the nucleus. The findings have broad implications regarding silencing of the viral genome during latency and, potentially, the expression of genes encoded by other DNA viruses as well.

KW - CoREST

KW - HDACs

KW - Herpes simplex virus 1

KW - ICP0

KW - Repressor complex

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UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/25444439491#tab=citedBy

U2 - 10.4161/cc.4.8.1902

DO - 10.4161/cc.4.8.1902

M3 - Short survey

C2 - 16082207

AN - SCOPUS:25444439491

SN - 1538-4101

VL - 4

SP - 1019

EP - 1021

JO - Cell Cycle

JF - Cell Cycle

IS - 8

ER -

The first 30 minutes in the life of a virus: UnREST in the nucleus

Abstract

Funding

Keywords

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Access to Document

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