The prevalence of mild cognitive impairment in diverse geographical and ethnocultural regions: The COSMIC Collaboration

Perminder S. Sachdev; Darren M. Lipnicki; Nicole A. Kochan; John D. Crawford; Anbupalam Thalamuthu; Gavin Andrews; Carol Brayne; Fiona E. Matthews; Blossom C.M. Stephan; Richard B. Lipton; Mindy J. Katz; Karen Ritchie; Isabelle Carrière; Marie Laure Ancelin; Linda C.W. Lam; Candy H.Y. Wong; Ada W.T. Fung; Antonio Guaita; Roberta Vaccaro; Annalisa Davin; Mary Ganguli; Hiroko Dodge; Tiffany Hughes; Kaarin J. Anstey; Nicolas Cherbuin; Peter Butterworth; Tze Pin Ng; Qi Gao; Simone Reppermund; Henry Brodaty; Nicole Schupf; Jennifer Manly; Yaakov Stern; Antonio Lobo; Raùl Lopez-Anton; Javier Santabárbara; Molly Zimmerman; Carol Derby; Grace T.Y. Leung; Wai Chi Chan; Letizia Polito; Simona Abbondanza; Eleonora Valle; Mauro Colombo; Silvia Francesca Vitali; Silvia Fossi; Daniele Zaccaria; Gianluigi Forloni; Simona Villani; Helen Christensen; Andrew MacKinnon; Simon Easteal; Trish Jacomb; Karen Maxwell; Allison Bowman; Kim Burns; Anthony Broe; Joula Dekker; Louise Dooley; Michele De Permentier; Sarah Fairjones; Janelle Fletcher; Therese French; Cathy Foster; Emma Nugent-Cleary-Fox; Chien Gooi; Evelyn Harvey; Rebecca Helyer; Sharpley Hsieh; Laura Hughes; Sarah Jacek; Mary Johnston; Donna McCade; Samantha Meeth; Eveline Milne; Angharad Moir; Ros O'Grady; Kia Pfaeffli; Carine Pose; Laura Reuser; Amanda Rose; Peter Schofield; Zeeshan Shahnawaz; Amanda Sharpley; Claire Thompson; Wiebke Queisser; Sam Wong; Richard Mayeux; Adam Brickman; Jose Luchsinger; Danurys Sanchez; Ming X. Tang; Howard Andrews; Guillermo Marcos; Concepción De-La-Cámara; Pedro Saz; Tirso Ventura; Miguel Angel Quintanilla; Elena Lobo

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0142388

The prevalence of mild cognitive impairment in diverse geographical and ethnocultural regions: The COSMIC Collaboration

Perminder S. Sachdev, Darren M. Lipnicki, Nicole A. Kochan, John D. Crawford, Anbupalam Thalamuthu, Gavin Andrews, Carol Brayne, Fiona E. Matthews, Blossom C.M. Stephan, Richard B. Lipton, Mindy J. Katz, Karen Ritchie, Isabelle Carrière, Marie Laure Ancelin, Linda C.W. Lam, Candy H.Y. Wong, Ada W.T. Fung, Antonio Guaita, Roberta Vaccaro, Annalisa DavinMary Ganguli, Hiroko Dodge, Tiffany Hughes, Kaarin J. Anstey, Nicolas Cherbuin, Peter Butterworth, Tze Pin Ng, Qi Gao, Simone Reppermund, Henry Brodaty, Nicole Schupf, Jennifer Manly, Yaakov Stern, Antonio Lobo, Raùl Lopez-Anton, Javier Santabárbara, Molly Zimmerman, Carol Derby, Grace T.Y. Leung, Wai Chi Chan, Letizia Polito, Simona Abbondanza, Eleonora Valle, Mauro Colombo, Silvia Francesca Vitali, Silvia Fossi, Daniele Zaccaria, Gianluigi Forloni, Simona Villani, Helen Christensen, Andrew MacKinnon, Simon Easteal, Trish Jacomb, Karen Maxwell, Allison Bowman, Kim Burns, Anthony Broe, Joula Dekker, Louise Dooley, Michele De Permentier, Sarah Fairjones, Janelle Fletcher, Therese French, Cathy Foster, Emma Nugent-Cleary-Fox, Chien Gooi, Evelyn Harvey, Rebecca Helyer, Sharpley Hsieh, Laura Hughes, Sarah Jacek, Mary Johnston, Donna McCade, Samantha Meeth, Eveline Milne, Angharad Moir, Ros O'Grady, Kia Pfaeffli, Carine Pose, Laura Reuser, Amanda Rose, Peter Schofield, Zeeshan Shahnawaz, Amanda Sharpley, Claire Thompson, Wiebke Queisser, Sam Wong, Richard Mayeux, Adam Brickman, Jose Luchsinger, Danurys Sanchez, Ming X. Tang, Howard Andrews, Guillermo Marcos, Concepción De-La-Cámara, Pedro Saz, Tirso Ventura, Miguel Angel Quintanilla, Elena Lobo

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Abstract

Background Changes in criteria and differences in populations studied and methodology have produced a wide range of prevalence estimates for mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Methods Uniform criteria were applied to harmonized data from 11 studies from USA, Europe, Asia and Australia, and MCI prevalence estimates determined using three separate definitions of cognitive impairment. Results The published range of MCI prevalence estimates was 5.0%-36.7%. This was reduced with all cognitive impairment definitions: performance in the bottom 6.681% (3.2%-10.8%); Clinical Dementia Rating of 0.5 (1.8%-14.9%); Mini-Mental State Examination score of 24-27 (2.1%-20.7%). Prevalences using the first definition were 5.9% overall, and increased with age (P < .001) but were unaffected by sex or the main races/ethnicities investigated (Whites and Chinese). Not completing high school increased the likelihood of MCI (P ≤ .01). Conclusion Applying uniform criteria to harmonized data greatly reduced the variation in MCI prevalence internationally.

Original language	English (US)
Article number	e0142388
Journal	PloS one
Volume	10
Issue number	11
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0142388
State	Published - Nov 5 2015
Externally published	Yes

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Sachdev, P. S., Lipnicki, D. M., Kochan, N. A., Crawford, J. D., Thalamuthu, A., Andrews, G., Brayne, C., Matthews, F. E., Stephan, B. C. M., Lipton, R. B., Katz, M. J., Ritchie, K., Carrière, I., Ancelin, M. L., Lam, L. C. W., Wong, C. H. Y., Fung, A. W. T., Guaita, A., Vaccaro, R., ... Lobo, E. (2015). The prevalence of mild cognitive impairment in diverse geographical and ethnocultural regions: The COSMIC Collaboration. PloS one, 10(11), Article e0142388. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0142388

Sachdev, PS, Lipnicki, DM, Kochan, NA, Crawford, JD, Thalamuthu, A, Andrews, G, Brayne, C, Matthews, FE, Stephan, BCM, Lipton, RB, Katz, MJ, Ritchie, K, Carrière, I, Ancelin, ML, Lam, LCW, Wong, CHY, Fung, AWT, Guaita, A, Vaccaro, R, Davin, A, Ganguli, M, Dodge, H, Hughes, T, Anstey, KJ, Cherbuin, N, Butterworth, P, Ng, TP, Gao, Q, Reppermund, S, Brodaty, H, Schupf, N, Manly, J, Stern, Y, Lobo, A, Lopez-Anton, R, Santabárbara, J, Zimmerman, M, Derby, C, Leung, GTY, Chan, WC, Polito, L, Abbondanza, S, Valle, E, Colombo, M, Vitali, SF, Fossi, S, Zaccaria, D, Forloni, G, Villani, S, Christensen, H, MacKinnon, A, Easteal, S, Jacomb, T, Maxwell, K, Bowman, A, Burns, K, Broe, A, Dekker, J, Dooley, L, De Permentier, M, Fairjones, S, Fletcher, J, French, T, Foster, C, Nugent-Cleary-Fox, E, Gooi, C, Harvey, E, Helyer, R, Hsieh, S, Hughes, L, Jacek, S, Johnston, M, McCade, D, Meeth, S, Milne, E, Moir, A, O'Grady, R, Pfaeffli, K, Pose, C, Reuser, L, Rose, A, Schofield, P, Shahnawaz, Z, Sharpley, A, Thompson, C, Queisser, W, Wong, S, Mayeux, R, Brickman, A, Luchsinger, J, Sanchez, D, Tang, MX, Andrews, H, Marcos, G, De-La-Cámara, C, Saz, P, Ventura, T, Quintanilla, MA & Lobo, E 2015, 'The prevalence of mild cognitive impairment in diverse geographical and ethnocultural regions: The COSMIC Collaboration', PloS one, vol. 10, no. 11, e0142388. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0142388

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title = "The prevalence of mild cognitive impairment in diverse geographical and ethnocultural regions: The COSMIC Collaboration",

abstract = "Background Changes in criteria and differences in populations studied and methodology have produced a wide range of prevalence estimates for mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Methods Uniform criteria were applied to harmonized data from 11 studies from USA, Europe, Asia and Australia, and MCI prevalence estimates determined using three separate definitions of cognitive impairment. Results The published range of MCI prevalence estimates was 5.0%-36.7%. This was reduced with all cognitive impairment definitions: performance in the bottom 6.681% (3.2%-10.8%); Clinical Dementia Rating of 0.5 (1.8%-14.9%); Mini-Mental State Examination score of 24-27 (2.1%-20.7%). Prevalences using the first definition were 5.9% overall, and increased with age (P < .001) but were unaffected by sex or the main races/ethnicities investigated (Whites and Chinese). Not completing high school increased the likelihood of MCI (P ≤ .01). Conclusion Applying uniform criteria to harmonized data greatly reduced the variation in MCI prevalence internationally.",

author = "Sachdev, {Perminder S.} and Lipnicki, {Darren M.} and Kochan, {Nicole A.} and Crawford, {John D.} and Anbupalam Thalamuthu and Gavin Andrews and Carol Brayne and Matthews, {Fiona E.} and Stephan, {Blossom C.M.} and Lipton, {Richard B.} and Katz, {Mindy J.} and Karen Ritchie and Isabelle Carri{\`e}re and Ancelin, {Marie Laure} and Lam, {Linda C.W.} and Wong, {Candy H.Y.} and Fung, {Ada W.T.} and Antonio Guaita and Roberta Vaccaro and Annalisa Davin and Mary Ganguli and Hiroko Dodge and Tiffany Hughes and Anstey, {Kaarin J.} and Nicolas Cherbuin and Peter Butterworth and Ng, {Tze Pin} and Qi Gao and Simone Reppermund and Henry Brodaty and Nicole Schupf and Jennifer Manly and Yaakov Stern and Antonio Lobo and Ra{\`u}l Lopez-Anton and Javier Santab{\'a}rbara and Molly Zimmerman and Carol Derby and Leung, {Grace T.Y.} and Chan, {Wai Chi} and Letizia Polito and Simona Abbondanza and Eleonora Valle and Mauro Colombo and Vitali, {Silvia Francesca} and Silvia Fossi and Daniele Zaccaria and Gianluigi Forloni and Simona Villani and Helen Christensen and Andrew MacKinnon and Simon Easteal and Trish Jacomb and Karen Maxwell and Allison Bowman and Kim Burns and Anthony Broe and Joula Dekker and Louise Dooley and {De Permentier}, Michele and Sarah Fairjones and Janelle Fletcher and Therese French and Cathy Foster and Emma Nugent-Cleary-Fox and Chien Gooi and Evelyn Harvey and Rebecca Helyer and Sharpley Hsieh and Laura Hughes and Sarah Jacek and Mary Johnston and Donna McCade and Samantha Meeth and Eveline Milne and Angharad Moir and Ros O'Grady and Kia Pfaeffli and Carine Pose and Laura Reuser and Amanda Rose and Peter Schofield and Zeeshan Shahnawaz and Amanda Sharpley and Claire Thompson and Wiebke Queisser and Sam Wong and Richard Mayeux and Adam Brickman and Jose Luchsinger and Danurys Sanchez and Tang, {Ming X.} and Howard Andrews and Guillermo Marcos and Concepci{\'o}n De-La-C{\'a}mara and Pedro Saz and Tirso Ventura and Quintanilla, {Miguel Angel} and Elena Lobo",

note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2015 Sachdev et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.",

year = "2015",

month = nov,

day = "5",

doi = "10.1371/journal.pone.0142388",

language = "English (US)",

volume = "10",

journal = "PloS one",

issn = "1932-6203",

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number = "11",

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TY - JOUR

T1 - The prevalence of mild cognitive impairment in diverse geographical and ethnocultural regions

T2 - The COSMIC Collaboration

AU - Sachdev, Perminder S.

AU - Lipnicki, Darren M.

AU - Kochan, Nicole A.

AU - Crawford, John D.

AU - Thalamuthu, Anbupalam

AU - Andrews, Gavin

AU - Brayne, Carol

AU - Matthews, Fiona E.

AU - Stephan, Blossom C.M.

AU - Lipton, Richard B.

AU - Katz, Mindy J.

AU - Ritchie, Karen

AU - Carrière, Isabelle

AU - Ancelin, Marie Laure

AU - Lam, Linda C.W.

AU - Wong, Candy H.Y.

AU - Fung, Ada W.T.

AU - Guaita, Antonio

AU - Vaccaro, Roberta

AU - Davin, Annalisa

AU - Ganguli, Mary

AU - Dodge, Hiroko

AU - Hughes, Tiffany

AU - Anstey, Kaarin J.

AU - Cherbuin, Nicolas

AU - Butterworth, Peter

AU - Ng, Tze Pin

AU - Gao, Qi

AU - Reppermund, Simone

AU - Brodaty, Henry

AU - Schupf, Nicole

AU - Manly, Jennifer

AU - Stern, Yaakov

AU - Lobo, Antonio

AU - Lopez-Anton, Raùl

AU - Santabárbara, Javier

AU - Zimmerman, Molly

AU - Derby, Carol

AU - Leung, Grace T.Y.

AU - Chan, Wai Chi

AU - Polito, Letizia

AU - Abbondanza, Simona

AU - Valle, Eleonora

AU - Colombo, Mauro

AU - Vitali, Silvia Francesca

AU - Fossi, Silvia

AU - Zaccaria, Daniele

AU - Forloni, Gianluigi

AU - Villani, Simona

AU - Christensen, Helen

AU - MacKinnon, Andrew

AU - Easteal, Simon

AU - Jacomb, Trish

AU - Maxwell, Karen

AU - Bowman, Allison

AU - Burns, Kim

AU - Broe, Anthony

AU - Dekker, Joula

AU - Dooley, Louise

AU - De Permentier, Michele

AU - Fairjones, Sarah

AU - Fletcher, Janelle

AU - French, Therese

AU - Foster, Cathy

AU - Nugent-Cleary-Fox, Emma

AU - Gooi, Chien

AU - Harvey, Evelyn

AU - Helyer, Rebecca

AU - Hsieh, Sharpley

AU - Hughes, Laura

AU - Jacek, Sarah

AU - Johnston, Mary

AU - McCade, Donna

AU - Meeth, Samantha

AU - Milne, Eveline

AU - Moir, Angharad

AU - O'Grady, Ros

AU - Pfaeffli, Kia

AU - Pose, Carine

AU - Reuser, Laura

AU - Rose, Amanda

AU - Schofield, Peter

AU - Shahnawaz, Zeeshan

AU - Sharpley, Amanda

AU - Thompson, Claire

AU - Queisser, Wiebke

AU - Wong, Sam

AU - Mayeux, Richard

AU - Brickman, Adam

AU - Luchsinger, Jose

AU - Sanchez, Danurys

AU - Tang, Ming X.

AU - Andrews, Howard

AU - Marcos, Guillermo

AU - De-La-Cámara, Concepción

AU - Saz, Pedro

AU - Ventura, Tirso

AU - Quintanilla, Miguel Angel

AU - Lobo, Elena

N1 - Publisher Copyright: © 2015 Sachdev et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

PY - 2015/11/5

Y1 - 2015/11/5

N2 - Background Changes in criteria and differences in populations studied and methodology have produced a wide range of prevalence estimates for mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Methods Uniform criteria were applied to harmonized data from 11 studies from USA, Europe, Asia and Australia, and MCI prevalence estimates determined using three separate definitions of cognitive impairment. Results The published range of MCI prevalence estimates was 5.0%-36.7%. This was reduced with all cognitive impairment definitions: performance in the bottom 6.681% (3.2%-10.8%); Clinical Dementia Rating of 0.5 (1.8%-14.9%); Mini-Mental State Examination score of 24-27 (2.1%-20.7%). Prevalences using the first definition were 5.9% overall, and increased with age (P < .001) but were unaffected by sex or the main races/ethnicities investigated (Whites and Chinese). Not completing high school increased the likelihood of MCI (P ≤ .01). Conclusion Applying uniform criteria to harmonized data greatly reduced the variation in MCI prevalence internationally.

AB - Background Changes in criteria and differences in populations studied and methodology have produced a wide range of prevalence estimates for mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Methods Uniform criteria were applied to harmonized data from 11 studies from USA, Europe, Asia and Australia, and MCI prevalence estimates determined using three separate definitions of cognitive impairment. Results The published range of MCI prevalence estimates was 5.0%-36.7%. This was reduced with all cognitive impairment definitions: performance in the bottom 6.681% (3.2%-10.8%); Clinical Dementia Rating of 0.5 (1.8%-14.9%); Mini-Mental State Examination score of 24-27 (2.1%-20.7%). Prevalences using the first definition were 5.9% overall, and increased with age (P < .001) but were unaffected by sex or the main races/ethnicities investigated (Whites and Chinese). Not completing high school increased the likelihood of MCI (P ≤ .01). Conclusion Applying uniform criteria to harmonized data greatly reduced the variation in MCI prevalence internationally.

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The prevalence of mild cognitive impairment in diverse geographical and ethnocultural regions: The COSMIC Collaboration

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