TY - JOUR
T1 - Tooth wear in patients treated with HIV anti-retroviral therapy
AU - Sehgal, Harjit Singh
AU - Kohli, Richie
AU - Pham, Edward
AU - Beck, Grace E.
AU - Anderson, Jay R.
N1 - Funding Information:
Russell Street Dental Clinic receives grant funding from United States Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS)‘s Health Services Resources Administration’s (HRSA) HIV/AIDS Bureau through different programs. Oregon Clinical and Translational Research Institute (OCTRI) grant UL1TR002369 partially supported OHSU Biostatistics & Design Program, which provided statistical support for this study.
Funding Information:
We would like to thank Katrina Ramsey, MPH from the OHSU Biostatistics & Design Program (partially supported by UL1TR002369 [OHSU CTSA]) for data analysis expertise. We are also thankful to all the participants of this study for their willingness to participate.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2019 The Author(s).
PY - 2019/6/26
Y1 - 2019/6/26
N2 - Background: The objective of this study was to elucidate the relationship between HIV anti-retroviral therapy and tooth wear. Methods: Assessment of tooth wear was conducted both with a survey questionnaire and clinical assessment at Russell Street Dental Clinic in Portland, Oregon. The survey questionnaire comprised of questions on study participant's gender, age, HIV status, current medications, awareness of tooth grinding or clenching, jaw soreness, tooth or gum soreness, and frequency of headaches. For the clinical evaluation, a dental provider recorded the degree of wear on each tooth using a scale of 0-3. An individual tooth-wear index was used to rank patients with regard to incisal and occlusal wear. Data analysis included descriptive analysis, tests of association and regression analysis using SPSS V.24. Results: The study sample involved 93 patients (HIV + ve = 60, HIV-ve = 33) with age range of 20-90 yrs. (mean = 49 yrs., s.d = 13.3). 92 and 67% participants of the HIV + ve and HIV-ve groups, respectively, presented with tooth wear. The mean tooth wear index was higher in HIV + ve patients than HIV-ve patients (8.2 vs. 7.8), however, this difference was not statistically significant (p > 0.05). A significant, positive correlation was found between HIV presence and tooth wear index, after accounting for age (B = 0.71, p < 0.05). The number of years on anti-retroviral therapy alone was positively correlated with tooth wear index (R2 = 0.116, p < 0.05). After controlling for age, years of anti-retroviral therapy use was positively correlated with tooth wear index (B = 0.047, p > 0.05). Conclusions: The findings from this study suggest that HIV + ve patients, who are on anti-retroviral therapy have significant tooth wear, although more studies with larger sample size are needed to confirm this. There is a critical need to initiate a dialogue with medical providers about tooth wear as a possible side effect of antiretroviral therapy and to introduce appropriate preventive measures.
AB - Background: The objective of this study was to elucidate the relationship between HIV anti-retroviral therapy and tooth wear. Methods: Assessment of tooth wear was conducted both with a survey questionnaire and clinical assessment at Russell Street Dental Clinic in Portland, Oregon. The survey questionnaire comprised of questions on study participant's gender, age, HIV status, current medications, awareness of tooth grinding or clenching, jaw soreness, tooth or gum soreness, and frequency of headaches. For the clinical evaluation, a dental provider recorded the degree of wear on each tooth using a scale of 0-3. An individual tooth-wear index was used to rank patients with regard to incisal and occlusal wear. Data analysis included descriptive analysis, tests of association and regression analysis using SPSS V.24. Results: The study sample involved 93 patients (HIV + ve = 60, HIV-ve = 33) with age range of 20-90 yrs. (mean = 49 yrs., s.d = 13.3). 92 and 67% participants of the HIV + ve and HIV-ve groups, respectively, presented with tooth wear. The mean tooth wear index was higher in HIV + ve patients than HIV-ve patients (8.2 vs. 7.8), however, this difference was not statistically significant (p > 0.05). A significant, positive correlation was found between HIV presence and tooth wear index, after accounting for age (B = 0.71, p < 0.05). The number of years on anti-retroviral therapy alone was positively correlated with tooth wear index (R2 = 0.116, p < 0.05). After controlling for age, years of anti-retroviral therapy use was positively correlated with tooth wear index (B = 0.047, p > 0.05). Conclusions: The findings from this study suggest that HIV + ve patients, who are on anti-retroviral therapy have significant tooth wear, although more studies with larger sample size are needed to confirm this. There is a critical need to initiate a dialogue with medical providers about tooth wear as a possible side effect of antiretroviral therapy and to introduce appropriate preventive measures.
KW - Anti-retroviral therapy
KW - Bruxism
KW - Community dentistry
KW - Dental
KW - Tooth wear
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U2 - 10.1186/s12903-019-0818-1
DO - 10.1186/s12903-019-0818-1
M3 - Article
C2 - 31242887
AN - SCOPUS:85068894549
SN - 1472-6831
VL - 19
JO - BMC Oral Health
JF - BMC Oral Health
IS - 1
M1 - 129
ER -