Ability and Willingness to Participate in Dementia Clinical Research: A Qualitative Study

Background and Objective: Dementia clinical research studies have difficulty recruiting and enrolling participants and their study partners. Through convening and working with a community advisory board and the incorporation of the perspectives of people living with dementia and caregivers, this study utilized a community-engaged approach to identify factors affecting dementia clinical research participation. Methods: In this qualitative study, 24 participants (12 people living with dementia and 12 caregivers), half of whom participated in dementia clinical research, were interviewed. Deductive and inductive approaches to thematic analysis were conducted to identify themes. Results: Ten themes were organized into two categories. Factors affecting ability to participate include symptom recognition and diagnosis, knowledge of opportunities, ineligibility/disenrollment, time/distance, caregiver burden, and online searches for study opportunities. Factors affecting willingness to participate include helping others, living life to the fullest, caregiver support, and taking study drugs. Conclusions: When combined with a reframing of factors affecting dementia clinical research enrollment within the context of ability and willingness to participate, these findings may be useful for elucidating factors and developing strategies to enhance participation in clinical research and advance efforts dedicated to finding effective treatments for dementia.