Artificial Intelligence in Retinopathy of Prematurity

Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is a leading cause of preventable childhood blindness worldwide. Extremely preterm infants are at risk of developing ROP given their low gestational age and low birth weight [1, 2]. There are a number of challenges for ROP screening and diagnosis using current technology. ROP screening requires either bedside ophthalmoscopic screening or telemedicine using remote interpretation of digital fundus imaging. There are several potential challenges to ensuring every at risk baby is diagnosed accurately and on time. Further, ROP diagnosis is sub-classified by zone, stage, and vascular changes, with each area demonstrating significant intra- and inter-expert subjectivity and disagreement.