TY - JOUR
T1 - Cognitive-behavioral treatments for tinnitus
T2 - A review of the literature
AU - Cima, Rilana F.F.
AU - Andersson, Gerhard
AU - Schmidt, Caroline J.
AU - Henry, James A.
PY - 2014/1
Y1 - 2014/1
N2 - Background: Tinnitus can be defined as the perception of an auditory sensation, perceivable without the presence of an external sound. Purpose: The aim of this article is to systematically review the peer-reviewed literature on treatment approaches for tinnitus based on cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) and to provide a historical overview of developments within these approaches. Research Design: Experimental studies, (randomized) trials, follow-up assessments, and reviews assessing educational, counseling, psychological, and CBT treatment approaches were identified as a result of an electronic database metasearch. Results: A total of 31 (of the initial 75 studies) were included in the review. Results confirm that CBT treatment for tinnitus management is the most evidence-based treatment option so far. Though studied protocols are diverse and are usually a combination of different treatment elements, and tinnitus diagnostics and outcome assessments vary over investigations, a common ground of therapeutic elements was established, and evidence was found to be robust enough to guide clinical practice. Conclusions: Treatment strategy might best be CBT-based, moving toward a more multidisciplinary approach. There is room for the involvement of different disciplines, using a stepped-care approach. This may provide brief and effective treatment for a larger group of tinnitus patients, and additional treatment steps can be provided for those suffering on a more severe level.
AB - Background: Tinnitus can be defined as the perception of an auditory sensation, perceivable without the presence of an external sound. Purpose: The aim of this article is to systematically review the peer-reviewed literature on treatment approaches for tinnitus based on cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) and to provide a historical overview of developments within these approaches. Research Design: Experimental studies, (randomized) trials, follow-up assessments, and reviews assessing educational, counseling, psychological, and CBT treatment approaches were identified as a result of an electronic database metasearch. Results: A total of 31 (of the initial 75 studies) were included in the review. Results confirm that CBT treatment for tinnitus management is the most evidence-based treatment option so far. Though studied protocols are diverse and are usually a combination of different treatment elements, and tinnitus diagnostics and outcome assessments vary over investigations, a common ground of therapeutic elements was established, and evidence was found to be robust enough to guide clinical practice. Conclusions: Treatment strategy might best be CBT-based, moving toward a more multidisciplinary approach. There is room for the involvement of different disciplines, using a stepped-care approach. This may provide brief and effective treatment for a larger group of tinnitus patients, and additional treatment steps can be provided for those suffering on a more severe level.
KW - Cognitive-behavioral
KW - Multidisciplinary
KW - Review
KW - Sound therapy
KW - Tinnitus
KW - Treatment
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U2 - 10.3766/jaaa.25.1.4
DO - 10.3766/jaaa.25.1.4
M3 - Review article
C2 - 24622860
AN - SCOPUS:84896951160
SN - 1050-0545
VL - 25
SP - 29
EP - 61
JO - Journal of the American Academy of Audiology
JF - Journal of the American Academy of Audiology
IS - 1
ER -