TY - JOUR
T1 - Cumulative Incidence of SARS-CoV-2 Infections Among Adults in Georgia, United States, August to December 2020
AU - Chamberlain, Allison T.
AU - Toomey, Kathleen E.
AU - Bradley, Heather
AU - Hall, Eric W.
AU - Fahimi, Mansour
AU - Lopman, Benjamin A.
AU - Luisi, Nicole
AU - Sanchez, Travis
AU - Drenzek, Cherie
AU - Shioda, Kayoko
AU - Siegler, Aaron J.
AU - Sullivan, Patrick Sean
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2021 The Author(s) 2021. Published by Oxford University Press for the Infectious Diseases Society of America.
PY - 2022/2/1
Y1 - 2022/2/1
N2 - Background: Reported coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) cases underestimate true severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infections. Data on all infections, including asymptomatic infections, are needed. To minimize biases in estimates from reported cases and seroprevalence surveys, we conducted a household-based probability survey and estimated cumulative incidence of SARS-CoV-2 infections adjusted for antibody waning. Methods: From August to December 2020, we mailed specimen collection kits (nasal swabs and blood spots) to a random sample of Georgia addresses. One household adult completed a survey and returned specimens for virus and antibody testing. We estimated cumulative incidence of SARS-CoV-2 infections adjusted for waning antibodies, reported fraction, and infection fatality ratio (IFR). Differences in seropositivity among demographic, geographic, and clinical subgroups were explored with weighted prevalence ratios (PR). Results: Among 1370 participants, adjusted cumulative incidence of SARS-CoV-2 was 16.1% (95% credible interval [CrI], 13.5%-19.2%) as of 16 November 2020. The reported fraction was 26.6% and IFR was 0.78%. Non-Hispanic black (PR, 2.03; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.0-4.1) and Hispanic adults (PR, 1.98; 95% CI,. 74-5.31) were more likely than non-Hispanic white adults to be seropositive. Conclusions: As of mid-November 2020, 1 in 6 adults in Georgia had been infected with SARS-CoV-2. The COVID-19 epidemic in Georgia is likely substantially underestimated by reported cases.
AB - Background: Reported coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) cases underestimate true severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infections. Data on all infections, including asymptomatic infections, are needed. To minimize biases in estimates from reported cases and seroprevalence surveys, we conducted a household-based probability survey and estimated cumulative incidence of SARS-CoV-2 infections adjusted for antibody waning. Methods: From August to December 2020, we mailed specimen collection kits (nasal swabs and blood spots) to a random sample of Georgia addresses. One household adult completed a survey and returned specimens for virus and antibody testing. We estimated cumulative incidence of SARS-CoV-2 infections adjusted for waning antibodies, reported fraction, and infection fatality ratio (IFR). Differences in seropositivity among demographic, geographic, and clinical subgroups were explored with weighted prevalence ratios (PR). Results: Among 1370 participants, adjusted cumulative incidence of SARS-CoV-2 was 16.1% (95% credible interval [CrI], 13.5%-19.2%) as of 16 November 2020. The reported fraction was 26.6% and IFR was 0.78%. Non-Hispanic black (PR, 2.03; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.0-4.1) and Hispanic adults (PR, 1.98; 95% CI,. 74-5.31) were more likely than non-Hispanic white adults to be seropositive. Conclusions: As of mid-November 2020, 1 in 6 adults in Georgia had been infected with SARS-CoV-2. The COVID-19 epidemic in Georgia is likely substantially underestimated by reported cases.
KW - COVID-19
KW - Georgia
KW - SARS-CoV-2
KW - cumulative incidence
KW - seroprevalence
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U2 - 10.1093/infdis/jiab522
DO - 10.1093/infdis/jiab522
M3 - Article
C2 - 34662409
AN - SCOPUS:85123968584
SN - 0022-1899
VL - 225
SP - 396
EP - 403
JO - Journal of Infectious Diseases
JF - Journal of Infectious Diseases
IS - 3
ER -