TY - JOUR
T1 - Cutaneous vasodilation elicited by disinhibition of the caudal portion of the rostral ventromedial medulla of the free-behaving rat
AU - Cerri, M.
AU - Zamboni, G.
AU - Tupone, D.
AU - Dentico, D.
AU - Luppi, M.
AU - Martelli, D.
AU - Perez, E.
AU - Amici, R.
N1 - Funding Information:
This work has been supported by grants from the Ministero dell'Istruzione, dell'Università e della Ricerca, Italy, University of Bologna , and the European Sleep Research Society (ESRS Sanofi-Aventis Research Grant ). The authors would like to thank Prof. Shaun F. Morrison for critically reviewing the manuscript, Mr G. Mancinelli and Mr L. Sabattini for the wiring and the mechanical work needed for the adaptation of the recording apparatus and the room.
PY - 2010/2/3
Y1 - 2010/2/3
N2 - Putative sympathetic premotor neurons controlling cutaneous vasomotion are contained within the rostral ventromedial medulla (RVMM) between levels corresponding, rostrally, to the rostral portion of the nucleus of the facial nerve (RVMM(fn)) and, caudally, to the rostral pole of the inferior olive (RVMM(io)). Cutaneous vasoconstrictor premotor neurons in the RVMM(fn) play a major role in mediating thermoregulatory changes in cutaneous vasomotion that regulate heat loss. To determine the role of neurons in the RVMM(io) in regulating cutaneous blood flow, we examined the changes in the tail and paw skin temperature of free-behaving rats following chemically-evoked changes in the activity of neurons in the RVMM(io). Microinjection of the GABAA agonist, muscimol, within either the RVMM(fn) or the RVMM(io) induced a massive peripheral vasodilation; microinjection of the GABAA antagonist bicuculline methiodide within the RVMM(fn) reversed the increase in cutaneous blood flow induced by warm exposure and, unexpectedly, disinhibition of RVMM(io) neurons produced a rapid cutaneous vasodilation. We conclude that the tonically-active neurons driving cutaneous vasoconstriction, likely sympathetic premotor neurons previously described in the RVMM(fn), are also located in the RVMM(io). However, in the RVMM(io), these are accompanied by a population of neurons that receives a tonically-active GABAergic inhibition in the conscious animal and that promotes a cutaneous vasodilation upon relief of this inhibition. Whether the vasodilator neurons located in the RVMM(io) play a role in thermoregulation remains to be determined.
AB - Putative sympathetic premotor neurons controlling cutaneous vasomotion are contained within the rostral ventromedial medulla (RVMM) between levels corresponding, rostrally, to the rostral portion of the nucleus of the facial nerve (RVMM(fn)) and, caudally, to the rostral pole of the inferior olive (RVMM(io)). Cutaneous vasoconstrictor premotor neurons in the RVMM(fn) play a major role in mediating thermoregulatory changes in cutaneous vasomotion that regulate heat loss. To determine the role of neurons in the RVMM(io) in regulating cutaneous blood flow, we examined the changes in the tail and paw skin temperature of free-behaving rats following chemically-evoked changes in the activity of neurons in the RVMM(io). Microinjection of the GABAA agonist, muscimol, within either the RVMM(fn) or the RVMM(io) induced a massive peripheral vasodilation; microinjection of the GABAA antagonist bicuculline methiodide within the RVMM(fn) reversed the increase in cutaneous blood flow induced by warm exposure and, unexpectedly, disinhibition of RVMM(io) neurons produced a rapid cutaneous vasodilation. We conclude that the tonically-active neurons driving cutaneous vasoconstriction, likely sympathetic premotor neurons previously described in the RVMM(fn), are also located in the RVMM(io). However, in the RVMM(io), these are accompanied by a population of neurons that receives a tonically-active GABAergic inhibition in the conscious animal and that promotes a cutaneous vasodilation upon relief of this inhibition. Whether the vasodilator neurons located in the RVMM(io) play a role in thermoregulation remains to be determined.
KW - bicuculline methiodide
KW - cutaneous vasomotion
KW - infrared thermography
KW - muscimol
KW - sympathetic nervous system
KW - thermoregulation
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U2 - 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2009.10.068
DO - 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2009.10.068
M3 - Article
C2 - 19895871
AN - SCOPUS:72749127531
SN - 0306-4522
VL - 165
SP - 984
EP - 995
JO - Neuroscience
JF - Neuroscience
IS - 3
ER -