Cyclic changes in HIV shedding from the female genital tract during the menstrual cycle

Marcel E. Curlin; Wanna Leelawiwat; Eileen F. Dunne; Wannee Chonwattana; Philip A. Mock; Famui Mueanpai; Sukhon Thep-Amnuay; Sara J. Whitehead; Janet M. McNicholl

doi:10.1093/infdis/jit063

Cyclic changes in HIV shedding from the female genital tract during the menstrual cycle

Marcel E. Curlin, Wanna Leelawiwat, Eileen F. Dunne, Wannee Chonwattana, Philip A. Mock, Famui Mueanpai, Sukhon Thep-Amnuay, Sara J. Whitehead, Janet M. McNicholl

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

13 Scopus citations

Abstract

Factors increasing genital human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) shedding may increase female-to-male HIV transmission risk. We examined HIV shedding in 67 women with HIV type 1 and herpes simplex virus type 2 coinfection, during 2 menstrual cycles. Shedding occurred in 60%, 48%, and 54% of samples during the follicular, periovulatory, and luteal phases, respectively (P =. 01). Shedding declined after menses until ovulation, with a slope-0.054 log₁₀ copies/swab/day (P <. 001), corresponding to a change of approximately 0.74 log₁₀ copies between peak and nadir levels. Shedding increased during the luteal phase only among women with CD4 counts of <350 cells/μL. In reproductive-aged women, shedding frequency and magnitude are greatest immediately following menses and lowest at ovulation.

Original language	English (US)
Pages (from-to)	1616-1620
Number of pages	5
Journal	Journal of Infectious Diseases
Volume	207
Issue number	10
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jit063
State	Published - May 15 2013
Externally published	Yes

Keywords

HIV
Thailand
female
genital tract
menstrual cycle
mucosal
shedding
transmission

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Immunology and Allergy
Infectious Diseases

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10.1093/infdis/jit063

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title = "Cyclic changes in HIV shedding from the female genital tract during the menstrual cycle",

abstract = "Factors increasing genital human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) shedding may increase female-to-male HIV transmission risk. We examined HIV shedding in 67 women with HIV type 1 and herpes simplex virus type 2 coinfection, during 2 menstrual cycles. Shedding occurred in 60%, 48%, and 54% of samples during the follicular, periovulatory, and luteal phases, respectively (P =. 01). Shedding declined after menses until ovulation, with a slope-0.054 log10 copies/swab/day (P <. 001), corresponding to a change of approximately 0.74 log10 copies between peak and nadir levels. Shedding increased during the luteal phase only among women with CD4 counts of <350 cells/μL. In reproductive-aged women, shedding frequency and magnitude are greatest immediately following menses and lowest at ovulation.",

keywords = "HIV, Thailand, female, genital tract, menstrual cycle, mucosal, shedding, transmission",

author = "Curlin, {Marcel E.} and Wanna Leelawiwat and Dunne, {Eileen F.} and Wannee Chonwattana and Mock, {Philip A.} and Famui Mueanpai and Sukhon Thep-Amnuay and Whitehead, {Sara J.} and McNicholl, {Janet M.}",

note = "Funding Information: search possible. Financial support. This work was supported by the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Potential conflicts of interest. All authors: No reported conflicts. All authors have submitted the ICMJE Form for Disclosure of Potential Conflicts of Interest. Conflicts that the editors consider relevant to the content of the manuscript have been disclosed.",

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doi = "10.1093/infdis/jit063",

language = "English (US)",

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AU - Curlin, Marcel E.

AU - Leelawiwat, Wanna

AU - Dunne, Eileen F.

AU - Chonwattana, Wannee

AU - Mock, Philip A.

AU - Mueanpai, Famui

AU - Thep-Amnuay, Sukhon

AU - Whitehead, Sara J.

AU - McNicholl, Janet M.

N1 - Funding Information: search possible. Financial support. This work was supported by the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Potential conflicts of interest. All authors: No reported conflicts. All authors have submitted the ICMJE Form for Disclosure of Potential Conflicts of Interest. Conflicts that the editors consider relevant to the content of the manuscript have been disclosed.

PY - 2013/5/15

Y1 - 2013/5/15

N2 - Factors increasing genital human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) shedding may increase female-to-male HIV transmission risk. We examined HIV shedding in 67 women with HIV type 1 and herpes simplex virus type 2 coinfection, during 2 menstrual cycles. Shedding occurred in 60%, 48%, and 54% of samples during the follicular, periovulatory, and luteal phases, respectively (P =. 01). Shedding declined after menses until ovulation, with a slope-0.054 log10 copies/swab/day (P <. 001), corresponding to a change of approximately 0.74 log10 copies between peak and nadir levels. Shedding increased during the luteal phase only among women with CD4 counts of <350 cells/μL. In reproductive-aged women, shedding frequency and magnitude are greatest immediately following menses and lowest at ovulation.

AB - Factors increasing genital human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) shedding may increase female-to-male HIV transmission risk. We examined HIV shedding in 67 women with HIV type 1 and herpes simplex virus type 2 coinfection, during 2 menstrual cycles. Shedding occurred in 60%, 48%, and 54% of samples during the follicular, periovulatory, and luteal phases, respectively (P =. 01). Shedding declined after menses until ovulation, with a slope-0.054 log10 copies/swab/day (P <. 001), corresponding to a change of approximately 0.74 log10 copies between peak and nadir levels. Shedding increased during the luteal phase only among women with CD4 counts of <350 cells/μL. In reproductive-aged women, shedding frequency and magnitude are greatest immediately following menses and lowest at ovulation.

KW - HIV

KW - Thailand

KW - female

KW - genital tract

KW - menstrual cycle

KW - mucosal

KW - shedding

KW - transmission

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Cyclic changes in HIV shedding from the female genital tract during the menstrual cycle

Abstract

Keywords

ASJC Scopus subject areas

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