Dermatologic immune restoration syndrome: Report of five cases from a tertiary care center in North India

Background: Dermatologic conditions are often an early clue to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. As the disease progresses and the host immunity fails, patients may develop a number of skin conditions. At this point, they have a dominant T helper 2 immunologic response. After the initiation of antiretroviral therapy, the T helper 1 response is restored, and some skin problems, paradoxically, make their appearance then. Conclusion: Herpes zoster, mucocutaneous herpes, eosinophilic folliculitis, and mycobacterial infections have been known to occur at this stage. This may be because immune restoration of a host's immunity causes recognition of silent or latent infection and results in development of the condition. We report five cases that were seen at our center during a 2-year period.