TY - JOUR
T1 - Distinguishing Stevens-Johnson syndrome/toxic epidermal necrolysis from clinical mimickers during inpatient dermatologic consultation—A retrospective chart review
AU - Weinkle, Allison
AU - Pettit, Cory
AU - Jani, A.
AU - Keller, J.
AU - Lu, Yuanyuan
AU - Malachowski, Stephen
AU - Trinidad, John C.
AU - Kaffenberger, Benjamin H.
AU - Ergen, Elizabeth N.
AU - Hughey, Lauren C.
AU - Smith, D.
AU - Seminario-Vidal, L.
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2019 American Academy of Dermatology, Inc.
PY - 2019/9
Y1 - 2019/9
N2 - Background: Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS) and toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) are life-threatening conditions that may present with similar findings to other severe dermatologic diseases. Objective: The primary objective of this exploratory study was to explore factors associated with SJS/TEN and develop a model that provides the predicted probability of SJS/TEN for patients for whom the diagnosis of SJS/TEN is considered. Methods: Retrospective review of consultations for patients with suspected SJS, TEN, or overlap at 4 academic dermatology consultation services. Results: Overall, 208 patients were included; 59 (28.4%) had a final diagnosis of SJS/TEN, and 149 (71.6%) were given a different diagnosis. The most common mimickers were drug hypersensitivity syndrome (n = 21, 10.1%), morbilliform drug eruption (n = 18, 8.7%), erythema multiforme (n = 15, 7.2%), and acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis (n = 13, 6.2%). Nikolsky sign, atypical targets, fever, and lymphopenia were included in a model for predicting the probability of SJS/TEN. Limitations: All cases were obtained from academic centers, which may limit the generalization of findings to community-based settings. This was an exploratory study with a small number of cases, and external validation of the model performance is needed. Conclusion: Early dermatologic evaluation of patients with suspected SJS/TEN is key to separating patients with this condition from those who ultimately receive diagnoses of other serious skin diseases.
AB - Background: Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS) and toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) are life-threatening conditions that may present with similar findings to other severe dermatologic diseases. Objective: The primary objective of this exploratory study was to explore factors associated with SJS/TEN and develop a model that provides the predicted probability of SJS/TEN for patients for whom the diagnosis of SJS/TEN is considered. Methods: Retrospective review of consultations for patients with suspected SJS, TEN, or overlap at 4 academic dermatology consultation services. Results: Overall, 208 patients were included; 59 (28.4%) had a final diagnosis of SJS/TEN, and 149 (71.6%) were given a different diagnosis. The most common mimickers were drug hypersensitivity syndrome (n = 21, 10.1%), morbilliform drug eruption (n = 18, 8.7%), erythema multiforme (n = 15, 7.2%), and acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis (n = 13, 6.2%). Nikolsky sign, atypical targets, fever, and lymphopenia were included in a model for predicting the probability of SJS/TEN. Limitations: All cases were obtained from academic centers, which may limit the generalization of findings to community-based settings. This was an exploratory study with a small number of cases, and external validation of the model performance is needed. Conclusion: Early dermatologic evaluation of patients with suspected SJS/TEN is key to separating patients with this condition from those who ultimately receive diagnoses of other serious skin diseases.
KW - Stevens-Johnson syndrome
KW - dermatology consultation
KW - inpatient
KW - severe cutaneous adverse reaction
KW - toxic epidermal necrolysis
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U2 - 10.1016/j.jaad.2019.05.061
DO - 10.1016/j.jaad.2019.05.061
M3 - Article
C2 - 31150704
AN - SCOPUS:85070555808
SN - 0190-9622
VL - 81
SP - 749
EP - 757
JO - Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology
JF - Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology
IS - 3
ER -