TY - JOUR
T1 - Effects and moderators of exercise on muscle strength, muscle function and aerobic fitness in patients with cancer
T2 - A meta-analysis of individual patient data
AU - Sweegers, Maike G.
AU - Altenburg, Teatske M.
AU - Brug, Johannes
AU - May, Anne M.
AU - Van Vulpen, Jonna K.
AU - Aaronson, Neil K.
AU - Arbane, Gill
AU - Bohus, Martin
AU - Courneya, Kerry S.
AU - Daley, Amanda J.
AU - Galvao, Daniel A.
AU - Garrod, Rachel
AU - Griffith, Kathleen A.
AU - Van Harten, Wim H.
AU - Hayes, Sandra C.
AU - Herrero-Román, Fernando
AU - Kersten, Marie J.
AU - Lucia, Alejandro
AU - McConnachie, Alex
AU - Van Mechelen, Willem
AU - Mutrie, Nanette
AU - Newton, Robert U.
AU - Nollet, Frans
AU - Potthoff, Karin
AU - Schmidt, Martina E.
AU - Schmitz, Kathryn H.
AU - Schulz, Karl Heinz
AU - Sonke, Gabe
AU - Steindorf, Karen
AU - Stuiver, Martijn M.
AU - Taaffe, Dennis R.
AU - Thorsen, Lene
AU - Twisk, Jos W.
AU - Velthuis, Miranda J.
AU - Wenzel, Jennifer
AU - Winters-Stone, Kerri M.
AU - Wiskemann, Joachim
AU - Paw, Mai J.Chin A.
AU - Buffart, Laurien M.
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2019. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.
PY - 2019/7/1
Y1 - 2019/7/1
N2 - Objective To optimally target exercise interventions for patients with cancer, it is important to identify which patients benefit from which interventions. Design We conducted an individual patient data meta-analysis to investigate demographic, clinical, intervention-related and exercise-related moderators of exercise intervention effects on physical fitness in patients with cancer. Data sources We identified relevant studies via systematic searches in electronic databases (PubMed, Embase, PsycINFO and CINAHL). Eligibility criteria We analysed data from 28 randomised controlled trials investigating the effects of exercise on upper body muscle strength (UBMS) and lower body muscle strength (LBMS), lower body muscle function (LBMF) and aerobic fitness in adult patients with cancer. Results Exercise significantly improved UBMS (β=0.20, 95% Confidence Interval (CI) 0.14 to 0.26), LBMS (β=0.29, 95% CI 0.23 to 0.35), LBMF (β=0.16, 95% CI 0.08 to 0.24) and aerobic fitness (β=0.28, 95% CI 0.23 to 0.34), with larger effects for supervised interventions. Exercise effects on UBMS were larger during treatment, when supervised interventions included ≥3 sessions per week, when resistance exercises were included and when session duration was >60 min. Exercise effects on LBMS were larger for patients who were living alone, for supervised interventions including resistance exercise and when session duration was >60 min. Exercise effects on aerobic fitness were larger for younger patients and when supervised interventions included aerobic exercise. Conclusion Exercise interventions during and following cancer treatment had small effects on UBMS, LBMS, LBMF and aerobic fitness. Demographic, intervention-related and exercise-related characteristics including age, marital status, intervention timing, delivery mode and frequency and type and time of exercise sessions moderated the exercise effect on UBMS, LBMS and aerobic fitness.
AB - Objective To optimally target exercise interventions for patients with cancer, it is important to identify which patients benefit from which interventions. Design We conducted an individual patient data meta-analysis to investigate demographic, clinical, intervention-related and exercise-related moderators of exercise intervention effects on physical fitness in patients with cancer. Data sources We identified relevant studies via systematic searches in electronic databases (PubMed, Embase, PsycINFO and CINAHL). Eligibility criteria We analysed data from 28 randomised controlled trials investigating the effects of exercise on upper body muscle strength (UBMS) and lower body muscle strength (LBMS), lower body muscle function (LBMF) and aerobic fitness in adult patients with cancer. Results Exercise significantly improved UBMS (β=0.20, 95% Confidence Interval (CI) 0.14 to 0.26), LBMS (β=0.29, 95% CI 0.23 to 0.35), LBMF (β=0.16, 95% CI 0.08 to 0.24) and aerobic fitness (β=0.28, 95% CI 0.23 to 0.34), with larger effects for supervised interventions. Exercise effects on UBMS were larger during treatment, when supervised interventions included ≥3 sessions per week, when resistance exercises were included and when session duration was >60 min. Exercise effects on LBMS were larger for patients who were living alone, for supervised interventions including resistance exercise and when session duration was >60 min. Exercise effects on aerobic fitness were larger for younger patients and when supervised interventions included aerobic exercise. Conclusion Exercise interventions during and following cancer treatment had small effects on UBMS, LBMS, LBMF and aerobic fitness. Demographic, intervention-related and exercise-related characteristics including age, marital status, intervention timing, delivery mode and frequency and type and time of exercise sessions moderated the exercise effect on UBMS, LBMS and aerobic fitness.
KW - exercise
KW - meta-analysis
KW - oncology
KW - physical activity
KW - physical fitness
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U2 - 10.1136/bjsports-2018-099191
DO - 10.1136/bjsports-2018-099191
M3 - Review article
C2 - 30181323
AN - SCOPUS:85053110557
SN - 0306-3674
VL - 53
SP - 812
JO - British journal of sports medicine
JF - British journal of sports medicine
IS - 13
ER -