@article{de65d84e5cb3469ab98f7e1659f81282,
title = "Emollient use alters skin barrier and microbes in infants at risk for developing atopic dermatitis",
abstract = "Background Emollients are a mainstay of treatment in atopic dermatitis (AD), a disease distinguished by skin bacterial dysbiosis. However, changes in skin microbiota when emollients are used as a potential AD preventative measure in infants remain incompletely characterized. Results We compared skin barrier parameters, AD development, and bacterial 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequences of cheek, dorsal and volar forearm samples from 6-month-old infants with a family history of atopy randomized to receive emollients (n = 11) or no emollients (controls, n = 12). The emollient group had a lower skin pH than the control group. The number of bacterial taxa in the emollient group was higher than in the control group at all sites. The Streptococcus salivarius proportion was higher in the emollient versus control groups at all sites. S. salivarius proportion appeared higher in infants without AD compared to infants with AD. A decrease in S. salivarius abundance was further identified in a separate larger population of older children demonstrating an inverse correlation between AD severity at sampling sites and S. salivarius proportions. Conclusions The decreased skin pH and the increased proportion of S. salivarius after long-term emollient use in infants at risk for developing AD may contribute to the preventative effects of emollients in high-risk infants.",
author = "Martin Glatz and Jo, {Jay Hyun} and Kennedy, {Elizabeth A.} and Polley, {Eric C.} and Segre, {Julia A.} and Simpson, {Eric L.} and Kong, {Heidi H.}",
note = "Funding Information: This work was supported by the National Cancer Institute (https://www.cancer.gov/) to H.H. K. and National Human Genome Research Institute (https://www.genome.gov/) Intramural Research Program to J.A.S., by a fellowship grant from the Swiss National Science Foundation (M.G., Switzerland, PBSK3_140118, http://www.snf.ch/ en/Pages/default.aspx), the National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases at the National Institutes of Health (1K99AR059222, H.H.K.; https://www.niams.nih.gov/) and by a grant of the Korean Health Technology R&D Project, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Republic of Korea (HI15C1095; J-HJ; https://www.fic.nih.gov/ programs/pages/korea-visiting-scientists.aspx). The clinical work was partly funded by a Mentored Patient-oriented Research Career Development Award from the National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases at the National Institutes of Health (5K23AR057486, E.L.S.). We thank Julia Oh, Sean Conlan, and Clay Deming for their underlying efforts; Mark C. Udey for helpful discussions. J-HJ was supported by a grant of the Korean Health Technology R&D Project, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Republic of Korea (HI15C1095). The study was carried out in Portland, Oregon and Bethesda, Maryland, USA. Publisher Copyright: This is an open access article, free of all copyright, and may be freely reproduced, distributed, transmitted, modified, built upon, or otherwise used by anyone for any lawful purpose. The work is made available under the Creative Commons CC0 public domain dedication.",
year = "2018",
month = feb,
doi = "10.1371/journal.pone.0192443",
language = "English (US)",
volume = "13",
journal = "PloS one",
issn = "1932-6203",
publisher = "Public Library of Science",
number = "2",
}