History, Terminology, and Classifications of Vascular Anomalies

Vascular anomalies in the head and neck are more common compared to the rest of the body. They cause a significant amount of esthetic and functional concerns. Majority are fairly benign in their presence. Even though most of them are benign, there are a few rare malignant lesions. The history, clinical behavior and their evolution are very relevant to their management. The entire neoplastic lesion could be immature channels to hyperplastic endothelium. Currently, there are more than a few classifications. But the biologic classification has clarified many aspects of the behavior and helped in management. Poor management overall can lead to complications, and it is necessary to be astute and not be aggressive as the majority are benign. The natural history of the lesions will be the best guide to management. Specialists with a team-led review may be precise in rendering care. In this chapter, we review the core principles in management, the terminology used, and valid classifications used.