TY - JOUR
T1 - Neuronomodulation of Excitable Neurons
AU - Chen, Yizhang
AU - Xiao, Lin
AU - Qiu, Jian
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2023, Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences.
PY - 2024/1
Y1 - 2024/1
N2 - Neuronomodulation refers to the modulation of neural conduction and synaptic transmission (i.e., the conduction process involved in synaptic transmission) of excitable neurons via changes in the membrane potential in response to chemical substances, from spillover neurotransmitters to paracrine or endocrine hormones circulating in the blood. Neuronomodulation can be direct or indirect, depending on the transduction pathways from the ligand binding site to the ion pore, either on the same molecule, i.e. the ion channel, or through an intermediate step on different molecules. The major players in direct neuronomodulation are ligand-gated or voltage-gated ion channels. The key process of direct neuronomodulation is the binding and chemoactivation of ligand-gated or voltage-gated ion channels, either orthosterically or allosterically, by various ligands. Indirect neuronomodulation involves metabotropic receptor-mediated slow potentials, where steroid hormones, cytokines, and chemokines can implement these actions. Elucidating neuronomodulation is of great significance for understanding the physiological mechanisms of brain function, and the occurrence and treatment of diseases.
AB - Neuronomodulation refers to the modulation of neural conduction and synaptic transmission (i.e., the conduction process involved in synaptic transmission) of excitable neurons via changes in the membrane potential in response to chemical substances, from spillover neurotransmitters to paracrine or endocrine hormones circulating in the blood. Neuronomodulation can be direct or indirect, depending on the transduction pathways from the ligand binding site to the ion pore, either on the same molecule, i.e. the ion channel, or through an intermediate step on different molecules. The major players in direct neuronomodulation are ligand-gated or voltage-gated ion channels. The key process of direct neuronomodulation is the binding and chemoactivation of ligand-gated or voltage-gated ion channels, either orthosterically or allosterically, by various ligands. Indirect neuronomodulation involves metabotropic receptor-mediated slow potentials, where steroid hormones, cytokines, and chemokines can implement these actions. Elucidating neuronomodulation is of great significance for understanding the physiological mechanisms of brain function, and the occurrence and treatment of diseases.
KW - Chemoactivation
KW - Excitability
KW - Membrane potential
KW - Neuron
KW - Neuronomodulation
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85168158470&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=85168158470&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1007/s12264-023-01095-w
DO - 10.1007/s12264-023-01095-w
M3 - Review article
C2 - 37584858
AN - SCOPUS:85168158470
SN - 1673-7067
VL - 40
SP - 103
EP - 112
JO - Neuroscience Bulletin
JF - Neuroscience Bulletin
IS - 1
ER -