Palaeoenvironments and hominin evolutionary dynamics in southeast Asia

Anne Marie Bacon; Nicolas Bourgon; Elise Dufour; Fabrice Demeter; Clément Zanolli; Kira E. Westaway; Renaud Joannes-Boyau; Philippe Duringer; Jean Luc Ponche; Mike W. Morley; Eric Suzzoni; Sébastien Frangeul; Quentin Boesch; Pierre Olivier Antoine; Souliphane Boualaphane; Phonephanh Sichanthongtip; Daovee Sihanam; Nguyen Thi Mai Huong; Nguyen Anh Tuan; Denis Fiorillo; Olivier Tombret; Elise Patole-Edoumba; Alexandra Zachwieja; Thonglith Luangkhoth; Viengkeo Souksavatdy; Tyler E. Dunn; Laura Shackelford; Jean Jacques Hublin

doi:10.1038/s41598-023-43011-2

Palaeoenvironments and hominin evolutionary dynamics in southeast Asia

Anne Marie Bacon, Nicolas Bourgon, Elise Dufour, Fabrice Demeter, Clément Zanolli, Kira E. Westaway, Renaud Joannes-Boyau, Philippe Duringer, Jean Luc Ponche, Mike W. Morley, Eric Suzzoni, Sébastien Frangeul, Quentin Boesch, Pierre Olivier Antoine, Souliphane Boualaphane, Phonephanh Sichanthongtip, Daovee Sihanam, Nguyen Thi Mai Huong, Nguyen Anh Tuan, Denis FiorilloOlivier Tombret, Elise Patole-Edoumba, Alexandra Zachwieja, Thonglith Luangkhoth, Viengkeo Souksavatdy, Tyler E. Dunn, Laura Shackelford, Jean Jacques Hublin

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Abstract

Secure environmental contexts are crucial for hominin interpretation and comparison. The discovery of a Denisovan individual and associated fauna at Tam Ngu Hao 2 (Cobra) Cave, Laos, dating back to 164–131 ka, allows for environmental comparisons between this (sub)tropical site and the Palearctic Denisovan sites of Denisova Cave (Russia) and Baishiya Karst Cave (China). Denisovans from northern latitudes foraged in a mix of forested and open landscapes, including tundra and steppe. Using stable isotope values from the Cobra Cave assemblage, we demonstrate that, despite the presence of nearby canopy forests, the Denisovan individual from Cobra Cave primarily consumed plants and/or animals from open forests and savannah. Using faunal evidence and proxy indicators of climates, results herein highlight a local expansion of rainforest at ~ 130 ka, raising questions about how Denisovans responded to this local climate change. Comparing the diet and habitat of the archaic hominin from Cobra Cave with those of early Homo sapiens from Tam Pà Ling Cave (46–43 ka), Laos, it appears that only our species was able to exploit rainforest resources.

Original language	English (US)
Article number	16165
Journal	Scientific Reports
Volume	13
Issue number	1
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-43011-2
State	Published - Dec 2023

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Bacon, A. M., Bourgon, N., Dufour, E., Demeter, F., Zanolli, C., Westaway, K. E., Joannes-Boyau, R., Duringer, P., Ponche, J. L., Morley, M. W., Suzzoni, E., Frangeul, S., Boesch, Q., Antoine, P. O., Boualaphane, S., Sichanthongtip, P., Sihanam, D., Huong, N. T. M., Tuan, N. A., ... Hublin, J. J. (2023). Palaeoenvironments and hominin evolutionary dynamics in southeast Asia. Scientific Reports, 13(1), Article 16165. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-43011-2

Bacon, AM, Bourgon, N, Dufour, E, Demeter, F, Zanolli, C, Westaway, KE, Joannes-Boyau, R, Duringer, P, Ponche, JL, Morley, MW, Suzzoni, E, Frangeul, S, Boesch, Q, Antoine, PO, Boualaphane, S, Sichanthongtip, P, Sihanam, D, Huong, NTM, Tuan, NA, Fiorillo, D, Tombret, O, Patole-Edoumba, E, Zachwieja, A, Luangkhoth, T, Souksavatdy, V, Dunn, TE, Shackelford, L & Hublin, JJ 2023, 'Palaeoenvironments and hominin evolutionary dynamics in southeast Asia', Scientific Reports, vol. 13, no. 1, 16165. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-43011-2

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title = "Palaeoenvironments and hominin evolutionary dynamics in southeast Asia",

abstract = "Secure environmental contexts are crucial for hominin interpretation and comparison. The discovery of a Denisovan individual and associated fauna at Tam Ngu Hao 2 (Cobra) Cave, Laos, dating back to 164–131 ka, allows for environmental comparisons between this (sub)tropical site and the Palearctic Denisovan sites of Denisova Cave (Russia) and Baishiya Karst Cave (China). Denisovans from northern latitudes foraged in a mix of forested and open landscapes, including tundra and steppe. Using stable isotope values from the Cobra Cave assemblage, we demonstrate that, despite the presence of nearby canopy forests, the Denisovan individual from Cobra Cave primarily consumed plants and/or animals from open forests and savannah. Using faunal evidence and proxy indicators of climates, results herein highlight a local expansion of rainforest at ~ 130 ka, raising questions about how Denisovans responded to this local climate change. Comparing the diet and habitat of the archaic hominin from Cobra Cave with those of early Homo sapiens from Tam P{\`a} Ling Cave (46–43 ka), Laos, it appears that only our species was able to exploit rainforest resources.",

author = "Bacon, {Anne Marie} and Nicolas Bourgon and Elise Dufour and Fabrice Demeter and Cl{\'e}ment Zanolli and Westaway, {Kira E.} and Renaud Joannes-Boyau and Philippe Duringer and Ponche, {Jean Luc} and Morley, {Mike W.} and Eric Suzzoni and S{\'e}bastien Frangeul and Quentin Boesch and Antoine, {Pierre Olivier} and Souliphane Boualaphane and Phonephanh Sichanthongtip and Daovee Sihanam and Huong, {Nguyen Thi Mai} and Tuan, {Nguyen Anh} and Denis Fiorillo and Olivier Tombret and Elise Patole-Edoumba and Alexandra Zachwieja and Thonglith Luangkhoth and Viengkeo Souksavatdy and Dunn, {Tyler E.} and Laura Shackelford and Hublin, {Jean Jacques}",

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doi = "10.1038/s41598-023-43011-2",

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AU - Bacon, Anne Marie

AU - Bourgon, Nicolas

AU - Dufour, Elise

AU - Demeter, Fabrice

AU - Zanolli, Clément

AU - Westaway, Kira E.

AU - Joannes-Boyau, Renaud

AU - Duringer, Philippe

AU - Ponche, Jean Luc

AU - Morley, Mike W.

AU - Suzzoni, Eric

AU - Frangeul, Sébastien

AU - Boesch, Quentin

AU - Antoine, Pierre Olivier

AU - Boualaphane, Souliphane

AU - Sichanthongtip, Phonephanh

AU - Sihanam, Daovee

AU - Huong, Nguyen Thi Mai

AU - Tuan, Nguyen Anh

AU - Fiorillo, Denis

AU - Tombret, Olivier

AU - Patole-Edoumba, Elise

AU - Zachwieja, Alexandra

AU - Luangkhoth, Thonglith

AU - Souksavatdy, Viengkeo

AU - Dunn, Tyler E.

AU - Shackelford, Laura

AU - Hublin, Jean Jacques

PY - 2023/12

Y1 - 2023/12

N2 - Secure environmental contexts are crucial for hominin interpretation and comparison. The discovery of a Denisovan individual and associated fauna at Tam Ngu Hao 2 (Cobra) Cave, Laos, dating back to 164–131 ka, allows for environmental comparisons between this (sub)tropical site and the Palearctic Denisovan sites of Denisova Cave (Russia) and Baishiya Karst Cave (China). Denisovans from northern latitudes foraged in a mix of forested and open landscapes, including tundra and steppe. Using stable isotope values from the Cobra Cave assemblage, we demonstrate that, despite the presence of nearby canopy forests, the Denisovan individual from Cobra Cave primarily consumed plants and/or animals from open forests and savannah. Using faunal evidence and proxy indicators of climates, results herein highlight a local expansion of rainforest at ~ 130 ka, raising questions about how Denisovans responded to this local climate change. Comparing the diet and habitat of the archaic hominin from Cobra Cave with those of early Homo sapiens from Tam Pà Ling Cave (46–43 ka), Laos, it appears that only our species was able to exploit rainforest resources.

AB - Secure environmental contexts are crucial for hominin interpretation and comparison. The discovery of a Denisovan individual and associated fauna at Tam Ngu Hao 2 (Cobra) Cave, Laos, dating back to 164–131 ka, allows for environmental comparisons between this (sub)tropical site and the Palearctic Denisovan sites of Denisova Cave (Russia) and Baishiya Karst Cave (China). Denisovans from northern latitudes foraged in a mix of forested and open landscapes, including tundra and steppe. Using stable isotope values from the Cobra Cave assemblage, we demonstrate that, despite the presence of nearby canopy forests, the Denisovan individual from Cobra Cave primarily consumed plants and/or animals from open forests and savannah. Using faunal evidence and proxy indicators of climates, results herein highlight a local expansion of rainforest at ~ 130 ka, raising questions about how Denisovans responded to this local climate change. Comparing the diet and habitat of the archaic hominin from Cobra Cave with those of early Homo sapiens from Tam Pà Ling Cave (46–43 ka), Laos, it appears that only our species was able to exploit rainforest resources.

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Palaeoenvironments and hominin evolutionary dynamics in southeast Asia

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