TY - JOUR
T1 - Phase II trial of neoadjuvant docetaxel and CG1940/CG8711 followed by radical prostatectomy in patients with high-risk clinically localized prostate cancer
AU - Vuky, Jacqueline
AU - Corman, John M.
AU - Porter, Christopher
AU - Olgac, Semra
AU - Auerbach, Evan
AU - Dahl, Kathryn
PY - 2013
Y1 - 2013
N2 - Background. Prostate cancer (PC) is the most commonly diagnosed noncutaneous malignancy in American men. PC, which exhibits a slow growth rate and multiple potential target epitopes, is an ideal candidate for immunotherapy. GVAX for prostate cancer is a cellular immunotherapy, composed of PC-3 cells (CG1940) and LNCaP cells (CG8711). Each of the components is a prostate adenocarcinoma cell line that has been genetically modified to secrete granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor. Hypothesizing that GVAX for prostate cancer could be effective in a neoadjuvant setting in patients with locally advanced disease, we initiated a phase II trial of neoadjuvant docetaxelandGVAX.For the trial, the clinical effects ofGVAXwere assessed in patients undergoing radical prostatectomy (RP). Methods. Patients received docetaxel administered at a dose of 75 mg/m82 every 3 weeks for 4 cycles. GVAX was administered 2-3 days after chemotherapy preoperatively for four courses of immunotherapy. The first dose of GVAX was a prime immunotherapy of 5×108 cells. The subsequent boost immunotherapies consisted of 3×108 cells. After RP, patients received an additional six courses of immunotherapy. Pathologic complete response, toxicity, and clinical response were assessed. The primary endpoint of the trial was a pathologic state of pT0, which is defined as no evidence of cancer in the prostate. Results. Six patients completed neoadjuvant docetaxel and GVAX therapy. No serious drug-related adverse events were observed. Median change in prostate-specific antigen (PSA) following neoadjuvant therapy was 1.47 ng/ml. One patient did not undergo RP due to the discovery of positive lymph nodes during exploration. Of the five patients completing RP, four had a downstaging of their Gleason score. Undetectable PSA was achieved in three patients at 2 months after RP and in two patients at 3 years after RP. Conclusions. Neoadjuvant docetaxel/GVAX is safe and well toleratedinpatientswithhigh- risklocallyadvancedPC.Noevidence of increased intraoperative hemorrhage or increased length of hospital stay postoperatively was noted. These results justify further study of neoadjuvant immunotherapy.
AB - Background. Prostate cancer (PC) is the most commonly diagnosed noncutaneous malignancy in American men. PC, which exhibits a slow growth rate and multiple potential target epitopes, is an ideal candidate for immunotherapy. GVAX for prostate cancer is a cellular immunotherapy, composed of PC-3 cells (CG1940) and LNCaP cells (CG8711). Each of the components is a prostate adenocarcinoma cell line that has been genetically modified to secrete granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor. Hypothesizing that GVAX for prostate cancer could be effective in a neoadjuvant setting in patients with locally advanced disease, we initiated a phase II trial of neoadjuvant docetaxelandGVAX.For the trial, the clinical effects ofGVAXwere assessed in patients undergoing radical prostatectomy (RP). Methods. Patients received docetaxel administered at a dose of 75 mg/m82 every 3 weeks for 4 cycles. GVAX was administered 2-3 days after chemotherapy preoperatively for four courses of immunotherapy. The first dose of GVAX was a prime immunotherapy of 5×108 cells. The subsequent boost immunotherapies consisted of 3×108 cells. After RP, patients received an additional six courses of immunotherapy. Pathologic complete response, toxicity, and clinical response were assessed. The primary endpoint of the trial was a pathologic state of pT0, which is defined as no evidence of cancer in the prostate. Results. Six patients completed neoadjuvant docetaxel and GVAX therapy. No serious drug-related adverse events were observed. Median change in prostate-specific antigen (PSA) following neoadjuvant therapy was 1.47 ng/ml. One patient did not undergo RP due to the discovery of positive lymph nodes during exploration. Of the five patients completing RP, four had a downstaging of their Gleason score. Undetectable PSA was achieved in three patients at 2 months after RP and in two patients at 3 years after RP. Conclusions. Neoadjuvant docetaxel/GVAX is safe and well toleratedinpatientswithhigh- risklocallyadvancedPC.Noevidence of increased intraoperative hemorrhage or increased length of hospital stay postoperatively was noted. These results justify further study of neoadjuvant immunotherapy.
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U2 - 10.1634/theoncologist.2011-0234
DO - 10.1634/theoncologist.2011-0234
M3 - Article
C2 - 23740935
AN - SCOPUS:84879489907
SN - 1083-7159
VL - 18
SP - 687
EP - 688
JO - Oncologist
JF - Oncologist
IS - 6
ER -