@article{422d780d6a0e4dc08c0320285cee35fb,
title = "Physical and Mental Quality of Life in Patients With End-Stage Liver Disease and Their Informal Caregivers",
abstract = "Background & Aims: Management of end-stage liver disease (ESLD) has implications for not only patients{\textquoteright} quality of life (QOL), but also their caregivers{\textquoteright}. We aimed to identify characteristics of patients with ESLD and their caregivers that are associated with QOL. Methods: We obtained cross-sectional baseline data from patients and their caregivers (132 dyads; 62% were married or partners), recruited from outpatient hepatology clinics within 2 healthcare centers. Patients were included if their model for end-stage liver disease score was 15 or more; caregivers were identified by the patient as the primary informal caregiver. QOL was measured by the SF-36 and relationship quality using the mutuality scale. We measured uncertainty using the uncertainty in illness scales for patients and caregivers. Multilevel modeling was used to analyze the data. Results: Refractory ascites was associated with worse physical QOL for patients (unstandardized beta [B], –9.19; standard error [SE], 2.28) and caregivers (B, –5.41; SE, 2.33); history of hepatic encephalopathy was associated with worse patient physical QOL (B, –3.86; SE, 1.65). High levels of uncertainty were associated with worse physical and mental QOL for both members of the dyads; relationship quality was significantly associated with patient mental QOL (B, 2.73; SE, 1.19). Conclusions: Clinicians and researchers should consider the effects of ESLD on caregivers as well as their patients to optimize the QOL for both.",
keywords = "Children, Cirrhosis, Family Members, Psychologic Factor",
author = "Lissi Hansen and Chang, {Michael F.} and Christopher Lee and Shirin Hiatt and Firsick, {Evan J.} and Dieckmann, {Nathan F.} and Karen Lyons",
note = "Funding Information: Funding Supported by the National Institute of Nursing Research (NINR) of National Institutes of Health (NIH) under Award Number R01 NR016017 . The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the NIH. This study is supported with resources from the VA Portland Health Care System, Portland, Oregon. The Department of Veterans Affairs does not have a role in the conduct of the study, in the collection, management, analysis, or interpretation of data, or in the preparation of manuscripts. The views expressed in this publication are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs or the U.S. Government. Funding Information: Funding Supported by the National Institute of Nursing Research (NINR) of National Institutes of Health (NIH) under Award Number R01 NR016017. The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the NIH. This study is supported with resources from the VA Portland Health Care System, Portland, Oregon. The Department of Veterans Affairs does not have a role in the conduct of the study, in the collection, management, analysis, or interpretation of data, or in the preparation of manuscripts. The views expressed in this publication are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs or the U.S. Government. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2021 AGA Institute",
year = "2021",
month = jan,
doi = "10.1016/j.cgh.2020.04.014",
language = "English (US)",
volume = "19",
pages = "155--161.e1",
journal = "Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology",
issn = "1542-3565",
publisher = "W.B. Saunders Ltd",
number = "1",
}