Real-time continuous glucose monitoring among participants in the T1D exchange clinic registry

Jenise C. Wong; Nicole C. Foster; David M. Maahs; Dan Raghinaru; Richard M. Bergenstal; Andrew J. Ahmann; Anne L. Peters; Bruce W. Bode; Grazia Aleppo; Irl B. Hirsch; Lora Kleis; H. Peter Chase; Stephanie N. DuBose; Kellee M. Miller; Roy W. Beck; Saleh Adi

doi:10.2337/dc14-0303

Real-time continuous glucose monitoring among participants in the T1D exchange clinic registry

Jenise C. Wong, Nicole C. Foster, David M. Maahs, Dan Raghinaru, Richard M. Bergenstal, Andrew J. Ahmann, Anne L. Peters, Bruce W. Bode, Grazia Aleppo, Irl B. Hirsch, Lora Kleis, H. Peter Chase, Stephanie N. DuBose, Kellee M. Miller, Roy W. Beck, Saleh Adi

Endocrinology, Diabetes and Clinical Nutrition

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

274 Scopus citations

Abstract

OBJECTIVE To assess the frequency of continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) device use, factors associated with its use, and the relationship of CGMwith diabetes outcomes (HbA_1c, severe hypoglycemia [SH], and diabetic ketoacidosis [DKA]).

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Survey questions related to CGM device use 1 year after enrollment in the T1D Exchange clinic registry were completed by 17,317 participants. Participants were defined as CGM users if they indicated using real-time CGM during the prior 30 days.

RESULTS Nine percent of participants used CGM (6% of children <13 years old, 4% of adolescents 13 to <18 years, 6% of young adults 18 to <26 years, and 21% of adults ≥26 years). CGM use was more likely with higher education, higher household income, private health insurance, longer duration of diabetes, and use of insulin pump (P < 0.01 all factors). CGMuse was associated with lower HbA_1c in children (8.3% vs. 8.6%, P < 0.001) and adults (7.7% vs. 7.9%, P < 0.001). In adults, more frequent use of CGM (≥6 days/week) was associated with lower mean HbA_1c. Only 27% of users downloaded data from their device at least once per month, and ≤15% of users reported downloading their device at least weekly. Among participants who used CGM at baseline, 41% had discontinued within 1 year.

CONCLUSIONS CGM use is uncommon but associated with lower HbA_1c in some age-groups, especially when used more frequently. Factors associated with discontinuation and infrequent use of retrospective analysis of CGM data should be considered in developing next-generation devices and education on CGM use.

Original language	English (US)
Pages (from-to)	2702-2709
Number of pages	8
Journal	Diabetes care
Volume	37
Issue number	10
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.2337/dc14-0303
State	Published - Oct 1 2014

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Internal Medicine
Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism
Advanced and Specialized Nursing

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Wong, J. C., Foster, N. C., Maahs, D. M., Raghinaru, D., Bergenstal, R. M., Ahmann, A. J., Peters, A. L., Bode, B. W., Aleppo, G., Hirsch, I. B., Kleis, L., Chase, H. P., DuBose, S. N., Miller, K. M., Beck, R. W., & Adi, S. (2014). Real-time continuous glucose monitoring among participants in the T1D exchange clinic registry. Diabetes care, 37(10), 2702-2709. https://doi.org/10.2337/dc14-0303

@article{df14041965014d14b6173ea1d478fe89,

title = "Real-time continuous glucose monitoring among participants in the T1D exchange clinic registry",

abstract = "OBJECTIVE To assess the frequency of continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) device use, factors associated with its use, and the relationship of CGMwith diabetes outcomes (HbA1c, severe hypoglycemia [SH], and diabetic ketoacidosis [DKA]).RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Survey questions related to CGM device use 1 year after enrollment in the T1D Exchange clinic registry were completed by 17,317 participants. Participants were defined as CGM users if they indicated using real-time CGM during the prior 30 days.RESULTS Nine percent of participants used CGM (6% of children <13 years old, 4% of adolescents 13 to <18 years, 6% of young adults 18 to <26 years, and 21% of adults ≥26 years). CGM use was more likely with higher education, higher household income, private health insurance, longer duration of diabetes, and use of insulin pump (P < 0.01 all factors). CGMuse was associated with lower HbA1c in children (8.3% vs. 8.6%, P < 0.001) and adults (7.7% vs. 7.9%, P < 0.001). In adults, more frequent use of CGM (≥6 days/week) was associated with lower mean HbA1c. Only 27% of users downloaded data from their device at least once per month, and ≤15% of users reported downloading their device at least weekly. Among participants who used CGM at baseline, 41% had discontinued within 1 year.CONCLUSIONS CGM use is uncommon but associated with lower HbA1c in some age-groups, especially when used more frequently. Factors associated with discontinuation and infrequent use of retrospective analysis of CGM data should be considered in developing next-generation devices and education on CGM use.",

author = "Wong, {Jenise C.} and Foster, {Nicole C.} and Maahs, {David M.} and Dan Raghinaru and Bergenstal, {Richard M.} and Ahmann, {Andrew J.} and Peters, {Anne L.} and Bode, {Bruce W.} and Grazia Aleppo and Hirsch, {Irl B.} and Lora Kleis and Chase, {H. Peter} and DuBose, {Stephanie N.} and Miller, {Kellee M.} and Beck, {Roy W.} and Saleh Adi",

note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2014 by the American Diabetes Association.",

year = "2014",

month = oct,

day = "1",

doi = "10.2337/dc14-0303",

language = "English (US)",

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pages = "2702--2709",

journal = "Diabetes care",

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T1 - Real-time continuous glucose monitoring among participants in the T1D exchange clinic registry

AU - Wong, Jenise C.

AU - Foster, Nicole C.

AU - Maahs, David M.

AU - Raghinaru, Dan

AU - Bergenstal, Richard M.

AU - Ahmann, Andrew J.

AU - Peters, Anne L.

AU - Bode, Bruce W.

AU - Aleppo, Grazia

AU - Hirsch, Irl B.

AU - Kleis, Lora

AU - Chase, H. Peter

AU - DuBose, Stephanie N.

AU - Miller, Kellee M.

AU - Beck, Roy W.

AU - Adi, Saleh

PY - 2014/10/1

Y1 - 2014/10/1

N2 - OBJECTIVE To assess the frequency of continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) device use, factors associated with its use, and the relationship of CGMwith diabetes outcomes (HbA1c, severe hypoglycemia [SH], and diabetic ketoacidosis [DKA]).RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Survey questions related to CGM device use 1 year after enrollment in the T1D Exchange clinic registry were completed by 17,317 participants. Participants were defined as CGM users if they indicated using real-time CGM during the prior 30 days.RESULTS Nine percent of participants used CGM (6% of children <13 years old, 4% of adolescents 13 to <18 years, 6% of young adults 18 to <26 years, and 21% of adults ≥26 years). CGM use was more likely with higher education, higher household income, private health insurance, longer duration of diabetes, and use of insulin pump (P < 0.01 all factors). CGMuse was associated with lower HbA1c in children (8.3% vs. 8.6%, P < 0.001) and adults (7.7% vs. 7.9%, P < 0.001). In adults, more frequent use of CGM (≥6 days/week) was associated with lower mean HbA1c. Only 27% of users downloaded data from their device at least once per month, and ≤15% of users reported downloading their device at least weekly. Among participants who used CGM at baseline, 41% had discontinued within 1 year.CONCLUSIONS CGM use is uncommon but associated with lower HbA1c in some age-groups, especially when used more frequently. Factors associated with discontinuation and infrequent use of retrospective analysis of CGM data should be considered in developing next-generation devices and education on CGM use.

AB - OBJECTIVE To assess the frequency of continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) device use, factors associated with its use, and the relationship of CGMwith diabetes outcomes (HbA1c, severe hypoglycemia [SH], and diabetic ketoacidosis [DKA]).RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Survey questions related to CGM device use 1 year after enrollment in the T1D Exchange clinic registry were completed by 17,317 participants. Participants were defined as CGM users if they indicated using real-time CGM during the prior 30 days.RESULTS Nine percent of participants used CGM (6% of children <13 years old, 4% of adolescents 13 to <18 years, 6% of young adults 18 to <26 years, and 21% of adults ≥26 years). CGM use was more likely with higher education, higher household income, private health insurance, longer duration of diabetes, and use of insulin pump (P < 0.01 all factors). CGMuse was associated with lower HbA1c in children (8.3% vs. 8.6%, P < 0.001) and adults (7.7% vs. 7.9%, P < 0.001). In adults, more frequent use of CGM (≥6 days/week) was associated with lower mean HbA1c. Only 27% of users downloaded data from their device at least once per month, and ≤15% of users reported downloading their device at least weekly. Among participants who used CGM at baseline, 41% had discontinued within 1 year.CONCLUSIONS CGM use is uncommon but associated with lower HbA1c in some age-groups, especially when used more frequently. Factors associated with discontinuation and infrequent use of retrospective analysis of CGM data should be considered in developing next-generation devices and education on CGM use.

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Real-time continuous glucose monitoring among participants in the T1D exchange clinic registry

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