TY - JOUR
T1 - Risk factors for kala-azar in Bangladesh
AU - Bern, Caryn
AU - Hightower, Allen W.
AU - Chowdhury, Rajib
AU - Ali, Mustakim
AU - Amann, Josef
AU - Wagatsuma, Yukiko
AU - Haque, Rashidul
AU - Kurkjian, Katie
AU - Vaz, Louise E.
AU - Begum, Moarrita
AU - Akter, Tangin
AU - Cetre-Sossah, Catherine B.
AU - Ahluwalia, Indu B.
AU - Dotson, Ellen
AU - Secor, W. Evan
AU - Breiman, Robert F.
AU - Maguire, James H.
PY - 2005/5
Y1 - 2005/5
N2 - Since 1990, South Asia has experienced a resurgence of kala-azar (visceral leishmaniasis). To determine risk factors for kala-azar, we performed cross-sectional surveys over a 3-year period in a Bangladeshi community. By history, active case detection, and serologic screening, 155 of 2,356 residents had kala-azar with onset from 2000 to 2003. Risk was highest for persons 3-45 years of age, and no significant difference by sex was seen. In age-adjusted multivariable models, 3 factors were identified: proximity to a previous kala-azar patient (odds ratio [OR] 25.4, 95% confidence interval [CI] 15-44 within household; OR 3.2 95% CI 1.7-6.1 within 50 m), bed net use in summer (OR 0.7, 95% CI 0.53-0.93), and cattle per 1,000 m2 (OR 0.8, 95% CI 0.70-0.94]). No difference was seen by income, education, or occupation; land ownership or other assets; housing materials and condition; or keeping goats or chickens inside bedrooms. Our data confirm strong clustering and suggest that insecticide-treated nets could be effective in preventing kala-azar.
AB - Since 1990, South Asia has experienced a resurgence of kala-azar (visceral leishmaniasis). To determine risk factors for kala-azar, we performed cross-sectional surveys over a 3-year period in a Bangladeshi community. By history, active case detection, and serologic screening, 155 of 2,356 residents had kala-azar with onset from 2000 to 2003. Risk was highest for persons 3-45 years of age, and no significant difference by sex was seen. In age-adjusted multivariable models, 3 factors were identified: proximity to a previous kala-azar patient (odds ratio [OR] 25.4, 95% confidence interval [CI] 15-44 within household; OR 3.2 95% CI 1.7-6.1 within 50 m), bed net use in summer (OR 0.7, 95% CI 0.53-0.93), and cattle per 1,000 m2 (OR 0.8, 95% CI 0.70-0.94]). No difference was seen by income, education, or occupation; land ownership or other assets; housing materials and condition; or keeping goats or chickens inside bedrooms. Our data confirm strong clustering and suggest that insecticide-treated nets could be effective in preventing kala-azar.
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U2 - 10.3201/eid1105.040718
DO - 10.3201/eid1105.040718
M3 - Article
C2 - 15890115
AN - SCOPUS:20944440741
SN - 1080-6040
VL - 11
SP - 655
EP - 662
JO - Emerging infectious diseases
JF - Emerging infectious diseases
IS - 5
ER -