TY - JOUR
T1 - T cells and viral persistence
T2 - Lessons from diverse infections
AU - Klenerman, Paul
AU - Hill, Ann
N1 - Funding Information:
We thank S. Sierro, P. Goulder, N. Semmo, K. Cho and S. Ward for comments. Supported by the Wellcome trust, the European Union (VIRGIL network), the James Martin School of the 21st Century, Oxford, and the National Institutes of Health (AI47206).
PY - 2005/9
Y1 - 2005/9
N2 - Persistent virus infections create specific problems for their hosts. Although the dynamics of immune responses after acute infection are well studied and very consistent, especially in mouse models, the patterns of responses noted during persistent infection are more complex and differ depending on the infection. In particular, CD8+ T cell responses differ widely in quantity and quality. In this review we examine these diverse responses and ask how they may arise; in particular, we discuss the function of antigen re-encounter and the CD4+ T cell responses to and the escape strategies of specific viruses. We focus on studies of four main human pathogens, cytomegalovirus, Epstein-Barr virus, human immunodeficiency virus and hepatitis C virus, and their animal models.
AB - Persistent virus infections create specific problems for their hosts. Although the dynamics of immune responses after acute infection are well studied and very consistent, especially in mouse models, the patterns of responses noted during persistent infection are more complex and differ depending on the infection. In particular, CD8+ T cell responses differ widely in quantity and quality. In this review we examine these diverse responses and ask how they may arise; in particular, we discuss the function of antigen re-encounter and the CD4+ T cell responses to and the escape strategies of specific viruses. We focus on studies of four main human pathogens, cytomegalovirus, Epstein-Barr virus, human immunodeficiency virus and hepatitis C virus, and their animal models.
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U2 - 10.1038/ni1241
DO - 10.1038/ni1241
M3 - Review article
C2 - 16116467
AN - SCOPUS:24944509220
SN - 1529-2908
VL - 6
SP - 873
EP - 879
JO - Nature Immunology
JF - Nature Immunology
IS - 9
ER -