TY - JOUR
T1 - The need for structural allograft biomechanical guidelines
AU - Kawaguchi, Satoshi
AU - Hart, Robert A.
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
Copyright © the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons.
PY - 2015/2/6
Y1 - 2015/2/6
N2 - Because of their osteoconductive properties, structural bone allografts retain a theoretic advantage in biologic performance compared with artificial interbody fusion devices and endoprostheses. Present regulations have addressed the risks of disease transmission and tissue contamination, but comparatively few guidelines exist regarding donor eligibility and bone processing issues with a potential effect on the mechanical integrity of structural allograft bone. The lack of guidelines appears to have led to variation among allograft providers in terms of processing and donor screening regarding issues with recognized mechanical effects. Given the relative lack of data on which to base reasonable screening standards, we undertook basic biomechanical evaluation of one source of structural bone allograft, the femoral ring. Of our tested parameters, the minimum and maximum cortical wall thicknesses of femoral ring allograft were most strongly correlated with the axial compressive load to failure of the graft, suggesting that cortical wall thickness may be a useful screening tool for compressive resistance expected from fresh cortical bone allograft. Development of further biomechanical and clinical data to direct standard development appears warranted.
AB - Because of their osteoconductive properties, structural bone allografts retain a theoretic advantage in biologic performance compared with artificial interbody fusion devices and endoprostheses. Present regulations have addressed the risks of disease transmission and tissue contamination, but comparatively few guidelines exist regarding donor eligibility and bone processing issues with a potential effect on the mechanical integrity of structural allograft bone. The lack of guidelines appears to have led to variation among allograft providers in terms of processing and donor screening regarding issues with recognized mechanical effects. Given the relative lack of data on which to base reasonable screening standards, we undertook basic biomechanical evaluation of one source of structural bone allograft, the femoral ring. Of our tested parameters, the minimum and maximum cortical wall thicknesses of femoral ring allograft were most strongly correlated with the axial compressive load to failure of the graft, suggesting that cortical wall thickness may be a useful screening tool for compressive resistance expected from fresh cortical bone allograft. Development of further biomechanical and clinical data to direct standard development appears warranted.
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U2 - 10.5435/JAAOS-D-14-00263
DO - 10.5435/JAAOS-D-14-00263
M3 - Review article
C2 - 25624364
AN - SCOPUS:84922275313
SN - 1067-151X
VL - 23
SP - 119
EP - 125
JO - Journal of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons
JF - Journal of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons
IS - 2
ER -