TY - JOUR
T1 - Viral takeover of the host ubiquitin system
AU - Gustin, Jean K.
AU - Moses, Ashlee V.
AU - Früh, Klaus
AU - Douglas, Janet L.
PY - 2011
Y1 - 2011
N2 - Like the other more well-characterized post-translational modifications (phosphorylation, methylation, acetylation, acylation, etc.), the attachment of the 76 amino acid ubiquitin (Ub) protein to substrates has been shown to govern countless cellular processes. As obligate intracellular parasites, viruses have evolved the capability to commandeer many host processes in order to maximize their own survival, whether it be to increase viral production or to ensure the long-term survival of latently infected host cells. The first evi-dence that viruses could usurp the Ub system came from the DNA tumor viruses and Adenoviruses, each of which use Ub to dysregulate the host cell cycle (Scheffner et al., 1990; Querido et al., 2001).Today, the list of viruses that utilize Ub includes members from almost every viral class, encompassing both RNA and DNA viruses. Among these, there are examples of Ub usage at every stage of the viral life cycle, involving both ubiquitination and de-ubiquitination. In addition to viruses that merely modify the host Ub system, many of the large DNA viruses encode their own Ub modifying machinery. In this review, we highlight the latest discoveries regarding the myriad ways that viruses utilize Ub to their advantage.
AB - Like the other more well-characterized post-translational modifications (phosphorylation, methylation, acetylation, acylation, etc.), the attachment of the 76 amino acid ubiquitin (Ub) protein to substrates has been shown to govern countless cellular processes. As obligate intracellular parasites, viruses have evolved the capability to commandeer many host processes in order to maximize their own survival, whether it be to increase viral production or to ensure the long-term survival of latently infected host cells. The first evi-dence that viruses could usurp the Ub system came from the DNA tumor viruses and Adenoviruses, each of which use Ub to dysregulate the host cell cycle (Scheffner et al., 1990; Querido et al., 2001).Today, the list of viruses that utilize Ub includes members from almost every viral class, encompassing both RNA and DNA viruses. Among these, there are examples of Ub usage at every stage of the viral life cycle, involving both ubiquitination and de-ubiquitination. In addition to viruses that merely modify the host Ub system, many of the large DNA viruses encode their own Ub modifying machinery. In this review, we highlight the latest discoveries regarding the myriad ways that viruses utilize Ub to their advantage.
KW - Proteasome
KW - Ubiquitin
KW - Ubiquitin ligase complex
KW - Ubiquitin proteasome system
KW - Viral lifecycle
KW - Virus
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84860358241&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=84860358241&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.3389/fmicb.2011.00161
DO - 10.3389/fmicb.2011.00161
M3 - Review article
C2 - 21847386
AN - SCOPUS:84860358241
SN - 1664-302X
VL - 2
JO - Frontiers in Microbiology
JF - Frontiers in Microbiology
IS - JULY
ER -